1. Dismantling the Cradle to Prison Pipeline ® in Houston and Texas A Study of Solutions PREPARED BY American Leadership Forum Class XXV

2. Sean Gorman Partner LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae LLP Pauline Higgins Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Houston Robert Ivany President University of St. Thomas The Honorable Martha Hill Jamison Former Judge Sylvia Kerrigan Assistant General Counsel Marathon Oil Company Ronald Lewis Partner Marshall & Lewis LLP Lisa Malosky Freelance Sports Reporter Sister Jane Meyer Head of School St. Agnes Academy The American Leadership Forum Class XXV focus: Organizations helping kids find a way out of the pipeline Tracy Baskin Executive Director/CEO Houston READ Commission Terry Bell President & Chief Investment Officer Rockwell Fund, Inc. Barbara Best Texas Executive Director Children’s Defense Fund John Burruss, M.D. Associate Dean of Clinical Affairs Baylor College of Medicine Donna Fujimoto Cole President & CEO Cole Chemical & Distributing, Inc. Martin Cominsky Regional Director Anti-Defamation League Jane Cummins Executive Director Educational Programs Inspiring Communities, Inc. Tony Diaz Founder/Director Nuestra Palabra: Latino Writers Having Their Say Stuart Dow Headmaster Emery Weiner School Albert Myres Government & Public Affairs Reliant Energy The Honorable Melissa Noriega Houston City Council Member Eduardo Nunez General Manager-Global Procurement ExxonMobil Susan Snider Osterberg Educator University of Houston Juan Padilla Audit Staff/Principal Assurance Services MFR, PC Daniel S. Perales Assistant Chief of Police City of Houston Gilda Ramirez Director, Small Business Development, Purchasing, & Training Port of Houston Authority Mourhaf Sabouni Principal AUTOARCH Architects LLC Vu Thanh Thuy CEO Radio Saigon Houston Fellows – Houston/Gulf Coast Chapter

3. Social and Economic Costs  Lack of education channels young people into Pipeline  Keeping them in school saves immense sums of money  Incarceration costs more than $67,000 per child per year African American boys born in 2001 stand a one-in-three lifetime risk of going to prison.

4. Social and Economic Costs Hispanic boys stand a one-in-six risk of the same fate. Anglo boys a one-in-seventeen risk.

5. Social and Economic Costs Percentages of Texas 4 th graders who cannot read at grade level. The cost per child for a year of incarceration by the Texas Youth Commission HispanicWhiteAsian African-American High rates of incarceration are connected with child poverty and educational disparities.

6. SOURCE: Houston Collaborative for Children Human Brain Development

7. Disparities in Early Vocabulary Growth SOURCE: Houston Collaborative for Children

8. Introduction: What is the Cradle to Prison Pipeline ® crisis? Risk factors channel young people into pipeline that leads inexorably to prison Prevention and intervention can help them avoid pipeline and prison –Prenatal and Early Childhood –Education –Health and Mental Health Care –Juvenile Justice Decrease expenses to taxpayers

9. Prenatal Care and Early Childhood Development  Addressing the root causes of poverty effectively and cost-efficiently: Healthy Family Initiatives Provides in-home visitation programs to at-risk families Prevents child abuse in 99% of cases and improves parenting skills ChildBuilders Teaches youth about safety, relationships and parenting for less than $25 per child Creates a new generation of nurturing parents The Lee High School Infant/Toddler Child Care Center Offers affordable on-site child care for up to 24 children Increases infant developmental skills while reducing teen parent dropout rates

10.  Guiding youth toward college instead of prison: Genesys Works Hires and trains at-risk students for 30 major corporations More than 90% of participants go to college after program Pro-Vision, Inc. First all-male charter school in the State of Texas More than 90% attendance and graduation rate Cristo Rey High School Gives students means to earn up to 70% of tuition costs through corporate internships Delivers academic, personal and professional development Education

11.  Addressing the pipeline using health care intervention and treatment: The Harris County Hospital District Community Behavioral Health Program Offers early, professional interventions for children Provides a strong foundation for health and success The Council on Alcohol and Drugs Houston K.I.N.D.E.Rx. Clinic Helps pregnant women stay drug and alcohol free Minimizes in utero exposure to newborns and substance abuse later in life The Baylor College of Medicine Teen Clinics Councils and educates teen parents on effective parenting Successfully disrupts a crucial point leading to the Pipeline Health and Mental Health Care

12.  Channeling children away from the juvenile justice system: Harris County Stay-In-School Program Focuses on truancy prevention through warning letters, truancy learning camps and media campaigns Reduces truancy by 80% and keeps kids out of juvenile justice system Harris County and Annie E. Casey Foundation Establishes more effective and efficient juvenile justice systems through innovative screening, interventions and system-wide collaborations Reduces the number of children who end up in jail Systems of Hope Provides comprehensive, coordinated support services to youth diagnosed with severe emotional disturbances Reduced expulsion/suspension rates by more than half. Juvenile Justice

13. 1.Providing financial assistance 2.Volunteering time 3.Contributing expertise 4.Providing training, jobs or internships for those in need 5.Raising awareness of the Cradle to Prison ® problem 6.Encouraging others in your network to help 7.Applying these practices in your community 8.Advocating legislative changes that focus on early prevention and intervention instead of costly incarceration With your help, organizations like those in this report can scale up to positively impact the future of all Houstonians. You can help by:

14. Dismantling the Cradle to Prison Pipeline ® in Houston and Texas Thank You American Leadership Forum Class XXV www.zero2three.com

15. Moments in America for Children March 2008 Every second a public school student is suspended.* Every 10 seconds a high school student drops out.* Every 17 seconds a public school student is corporally punished.* Every 25 seconds a child is arrested. Every 35 seconds a baby is born into poverty. Every 40 seconds a child is confirmed as abused or neglected. Every 41 seconds a baby is born without health insurance. Every minute a baby is born to a teen mother. Every 2 minutes a baby is born at low birthweight. Every 5 minutes a child is arrested for a drug offense. Every 9 minutes a child is arrested for a violent crime. Every 18 minutes a baby dies before his first birthday. Every 3 hours a child or teen is killed by a firearm. Every 5 hours a child or teen commits suicide. Every 6 hours a child is killed by abuse or neglect. Every 14 hours a woman dies from complications of childbirth or pregnancy. * Based on calculations per school day (180 days of seven hours each) Learn more stats about the state of children in America on our Each Day in America page. Each Day in America