1. Smith Point Overview during DISCOVER-AQ Houston, Sept 2013 Anne Thompson (NASA & PSU), Deborah Zweers (NASA & GESTAR), Debra Kollonige (UMD), Doug Martins (PSU) AQAST Meeting, Houston, Jan 2014 Thanks to S. Miller & H. Halliday (PSU), R. Clark (MU)

2. Highlights FACILITIES – NATIVE (Nittany Atmospheric Trailer & Integrated Validation Experiment) – Penn State Mobile Lab – Millersville Univ tethered balloon, sodar Ozone-NO-NO y -NO 2 Overview & Late Sept. Episode – Ozonesondes – Special NO 2 sonde Methane-CO 2 Overview & Late Sept. Episode – Satellite methane comparison – Isotopic C – methane sources

3. NATIVE OPERATIONS AT SMITH POINT 28/8-27/9 2013 Ozone.met.psu.edu All Data at NASA/Langley Archive Co-located with Millersville (MU) tethered balloon & trailers

4. Photos: D K Martins

5. Additional Instruments At Smith Point: PSU Piccaro with 13-C Quadrupole PTR-MS 1 Direct-sun Pandora MOPS GSFC 2 Column Pandoras Cimel Millersville U vans, Tethered balloon NOAA Radiometers TCEQ Wind Profiler

6. Pollution Episode, 24-26 Sept 25 Sept Outlier in Sondes; Mostly moderate in DAQ NATIVE Ozone

7. Houston Ozone Overview- SEAC4RS & DISCOVER-AQ Considerable variability throughout troposphere & at TTL Mixtures of stratospheric air (inferred from H 2 O-O 3 relation) O 3 below ~5 km varies with marine flow, 50 ppbv)

8. NO 2 -Sonde Operations: Balloon & NATIVE Photos: Deb Stein Zweers

9. NO 2 -Sonde Profiles 11:28 – 12:23 LT Altitude [m] NO2 [ppbv], Temp [C] 25 Sep 2013 Preliminary Data: Deb Stein Zweers ABOVE: NOy to 50 ppbv, NO ~10 ppbv NO 2 15-30 ppbv AT SURFACE LEFT: NO 2 – SONDE, > 40 ppbv

10. PSU Native CH 4 & CO 2 : Smith Point ** Pollution event on September 24 th & 25 th stands out in their timeseries too!!!

11. PSU Native CH 4 & CO 2 : Smith Point ** Pollution event on September 24 th & 25 th stands out in their timeseries too!!! XCH4 [ppmv] GOSAT measured XCH 4 on September 25 th, but lack of retrievals nearby Smith Point and its ~1400LT crossover time missed the ground enhancement. However, XCH 4 was higher North of Smith Point on the 24 th (not shown).

12. PSU Native CH 4 & 13 CH 4 : Smith Point  CH 4 isotopic signature is suggestive of biogenic emissions as source of enhancement.  Background concentrations of CH 4 (& < 2.5 ppmv) are mixture of natural gas (-35 to -50%) and biogenic sources (-50 to -70%) making the mean campaign signature to be ~ -55%.  Smith Point seems to be biogenic dominant (as is probably expected) since the background signature found in Dlugokencky et al 2011 was ~-47%.

13. CH 4 & 13 CH 4 : Pollution Event vs. Entire Campaign  Intercept (-59%) for scatter plot (13CH 4 vs 1/CH 4 ) shows source of the >2.5 ppmv enhancements on 24-25 Sep. likely wetland (biogenic) emissions.  Most CH 4 < 2.5 ppmv originates from sources NW of Smith Point during campaign (greater Houston)  Enhancements on the 24 th & 25 th > 3.0 ppmv from the Northeast (wetlands/rice paddies?)