1. Types of Changes Matter Undergoes

2. All changes in matter are classified as either... physical changes, chemical changes, or nuclear changes. Types of Changes Matter Undergoes

3. a)Physical Changes (Physical Reactions): NO CHANGES IN COMPOSITION A change resulting in the rearrangement of existing particles in which no new substance is produced. The compositions and chemical properties of all reactants remain the same. Physical reactions may be either endothermic or exothermic. Types of Changes Matter Undergoes

4. A physical change (reaction) is a change in which the composition of the reactant does NOT change. H 2 O (s) H2O(l)H2O(l) C 12 H 22 O 11(s) H 2 O (s) C 12 H 22 O 11(aq) + Types of Changes Matter Undergoes

5. i.Melting (Fusion) – ENDO OR EXO? __________ ii.Freezing (Solidification) – ENDO OR EXO? __________ iii.Boiling (Vaporization) – ENDO OR EXO? __________ iv.Evaporation (Vaporization) – ENDO OR EXO? __________ solid to liquid liquid to solid liquid to gas ENDO EXO Types of Changes Matter Undergoes

6. v.Condensation (Liquefaction) – ENDO OR EXO? __________ vi.Sublimation (Vaporization) – ENDO OR EXO? __________ vii.Deposition (Solidification) – ENDO OR EXO? __________ ENDO EXO gas to liquid solid directly to gas gas directly to solid Types of Changes Matter Undergoes

7. Iodine (I 2 ), dry ice (CO 2 ), & naphthalene (C 10 H 8 ) are three substances that will significantly sublime at room temperature. Types of Changes Matter Undergoes

8. viii.Dissolution (Dissolving) – ix.Crystallization – x.Breaking – xi.Magnetizing – aqueous, gas to aqueous… solid to aqueous, liquid to aqueous to solid big to small nonmagnetic to magnetic Types of Changes Matter Undergoes

9. b)Chemical Changes (Chemical Reactions): CHANGES IN COMPOSITION A change in which something new is produced. The composition and properties of all reactants change. Chemical reactions MUST be either endothermic or exothermic! Types of Changes Matter Undergoes

10. A chemical change (reaction) is a change in which the composition of the reactant DOES change but the identity of the atoms involved do not change. Fe (s) Fe 3 O 4(s) in O 2 rust ________________________    (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) n in O 2 C (s) CO 2(g) H 2 O (g) burn Types of Changes Matter Undergoes

11. i.Combustion – ii.Rusting – iii.Neutralization – iv.Fermentation – v.Decomposition – A reaction with oxygen in which light and heat are produced.Burning! A reaction between Fe and O2 in which no noticeable light/heat are produced. A reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water. A reaction in which sugar changed into alcohol and carbon dioxide. A reaction in which a substance is broken into new smaller substances. EXOTHERMIC! Types of Changes Matter Undergoes

12. c)Nuclear Changes (Nuclear Reactions): CHANGES IN COMPOSITION AND ELEMENTS A reaction in which the nucleus of an atom is changed. Nuclear reactions are always exothermic. Nuclear reactions often produce new elements! Types of Changes Matter Undergoes

13. A nuclear change (reaction) is a change in which the composition of the reactant DOES change AND the nuclei of the atoms involved ALSO change. 1H1H 4 He 235 U 142 Ba + 91 Kr Types of Changes Matter Undergoes

14. i.Fission – A reaction in which a larger atom is split into two or more smaller atoms. Nuclear power plants produce energy using controlled fission reactions. Types of Changes Matter Undergoes 235 U 142 Ba + 91 Kr

15. ii.Fusion – A reation in which smaller atoms combine to produc larger atom. Our sun produces energy by changing hydrogen into helium through fusion! Types of Changes Matter Undergoes 1H1H 4 He