1. Knowledge Base  AGN are the center of enormous galaxies emitting huge quantities of energy generated by material flowing into a black hole at the center, which expels the matter at its poles (O’Dowd, 2002).  AGN are the most luminous persistent sources of electromagnetic radiation in the universe.  AGN are the center of enormous galaxies emitting huge quantities of energy generated by material flowing into a black hole at the center, which expels the matter at its poles (O’Dowd, 2002).  AGN are the most luminous persistent sources of electromagnetic radiation in the universe.  Goldstone Apple Valley Radio Telescope (GAVRT) is a radio telescope located at the Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex.  Radio data in 8.5 GHz (X-band), and 2.3 GHz (S-band) of AGN were downloaded from GAVRT’s DSS12 radio antenna.  Goldstone Apple Valley Radio Telescope (GAVRT) is a radio telescope located at the Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex.  Radio data in 8.5 GHz (X-band), and 2.3 GHz (S-band) of AGN were downloaded from GAVRT’s DSS12 radio antenna. ABSTRACT Need  The Spitzer Space Telescope is an infrared space observatory.  Spitzer images of AGN in 3.6 microns, 4.5 microns, 5.8 microns, 8.0 microns were used.  The Spitzer Space Telescope is an infrared space observatory.  Spitzer images of AGN in 3.6 microns, 4.5 microns, 5.8 microns, 8.0 microns were used. Project Goals The goal is to use both measurements of infrared and radio emissions from active galaxies as well as estimates of the black hole masses of these galaxies to determine correlations between electromagnetic emission and black hole mass. Literature Review http://www.nasa.gov/centers/jpl/images/content/160106main_gavrt-sunrise- browse.jpg http://www.nasa.gov/centers/jpl/images/content/160106main_gavrt-sunrise-browse.jpg Active Galactic Nuclei Data Sources http://whyfiles.org/223orbital_astro/images/spitzer.jpg Active galactic nuclei play an enormous role in studies of the early universe (Gorjian, 2009).  Zhang, 2003 All correlations previously found between black hole mass and radio emissions are very weak if they exist at all.  Ho, 2002 There is no simple relationship between radio luminosity and black hole mass.  Mc Lure, 2004 Black hole mass is strongly correlated with radio luminosity and radio loudness of an Active Galactic Nuclei.  O’Dowd, 2002 No correlation was found between black hole mass and energy output from the nucleus.  Zhang, 2003 All correlations previously found between black hole mass and radio emissions are very weak if they exist at all.  Ho, 2002 There is no simple relationship between radio luminosity and black hole mass.  Mc Lure, 2004 Black hole mass is strongly correlated with radio luminosity and radio loudness of an Active Galactic Nuclei.  O’Dowd, 2002 No correlation was found between black hole mass and energy output from the nucleus. Ground Based and Hubble Space Telescope images of the Active Galaxy NGC 4261. Radio emission vs. Black hole Mass (Zhang, 2003). Radio emission vs. Black hole Mass (Ho, 2002).

2. The x-axis shows the Black holes mass while the y-axis show 3.6 µm/S-band. The correlation coefficient of this graph was -0.0195734906115743. The x-axis shows the Black holes mass while the y-axis show 4.5 µm/S-band. The correlation coefficient of this graph was -0.101398440165269. The x-axis shows the Black holes mass while the y-axis show 8.0 µm/S-band. The correlation coefficient of this graph was -0.0455096260989072. The x-axis shows the Black holes mass while the y-axis show 3.6 µm/X-band. The correlation coefficient of this graph was -0.0454110336062208. The x-axis shows the Black holes mass while the y-axis show 4.5 µm/X-band. The correlation coefficient of this graph was -0.11405615836447. The x-axis shows the Black holes mass while the y-axis show 5.8 µm/X-band. The correlation coefficient of this graph was -0.142398916192913. The x-axis shows the Black holes mass while the y-axis show 8.0 µm/X-band. The correlation coefficient of this graph was -0.0413868073231374.

3. Discussion Bibliography  Results are in agreement with Zhang (2003), all correlations previously found between black hole mass and radio emissions are very weak.  Results are in agreement with Ho (2002), there must be fundamental factors in a black hole contributing to its emissions; there is no simple correlation.  Results contradict Mc Lure (2004), findings suggest that there is no correlation between black hole mass and radio loudness in Active Galactic Nuclei.  The infrared emissions are generated from heat near the black hole on small scale while the radio emissions are coming from a larger scale; the size of a galaxy.  The Active Galactic Nuclei used were limited in size; a larger selection of galaxies may show a correlation.  Results are in agreement with Zhang (2003), all correlations previously found between black hole mass and radio emissions are very weak.  Results are in agreement with Ho (2002), there must be fundamental factors in a black hole contributing to its emissions; there is no simple correlation.  Results contradict Mc Lure (2004), findings suggest that there is no correlation between black hole mass and radio loudness in Active Galactic Nuclei.  The infrared emissions are generated from heat near the black hole on small scale while the radio emissions are coming from a larger scale; the size of a galaxy.  The Active Galactic Nuclei used were limited in size; a larger selection of galaxies may show a correlation. Alonso-Herrero, Almudena, The Relation between Mid-Infrared Emission and Black Hole Mass in Active Galactic Nuclei: A Direct Way to Probe Black Hole Growth?, The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 571, Issue 1, pp. L1-L5, c) 2002: The American Astronomical Society, 05/2002 Fabian, A. C.; M. J. Rees (1995). "The accretion luminosity of a massive black hole in an elliptical galaxy". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 277 (2): L55–L58. Ho Luis, On the Relationship between Radio Emission and Black Hole Mass in Galactic Nuclei, The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 564, 01/2002, pp. 120-132 Laor, Ari, On Black Holes Masses and Radio Loudness in Active Galactic Nuclei, The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 543, Issue 2, p. L111- L114, 11/2000 LYNDEN-BELL, D. (1969). "Galactic Nuclei as Collapsed Old Quasars". Nature 223 (5207): 690–694. Marconi, A.; L. K. Hunt (2003). "The Relation between Black Hole Mass, Bulge Mass, and Near-Infrared Luminosity". The Astrophysical Journal 589 (1): L21–L24. McLure, Ross J. et. al., The relationship between radio luminosity and black hole mass in optically selected quasars, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 353, Issue 4, 10/2004 L45-L49 Narayan, R.; I. Yi (1994). "Advection-Dominated Accretion: A Self-Similar Solution". Journal reference: Astrophys. J 428: L13. Nelson, Charles H., Black Hole Mass, Velocity Dispersion, and the Radio Source in Active Galactic Nuclei, The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 544, Issue 2, pp. L91-L94 12/2000 O’Dowd,Matthew et. al., The Host Galaxies of Radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei: The Black Hole- Galaxy Connection, The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 580, Issue 1, 11/2002, pp. 96-103 Panessa, F Multi- wavelength and Black Hole Mass Properties of Low Luminosity Active Nuclei, publication- THE MULTICOLORED LANDSCAPE OF COMPACT OBJECTS AND THEIR EXPLOSIVE ORIGINS. AIP Conference Proceedings, Vol. 924, pp. 830-835 (2007) Pott, Jorg- Uwe, Astrophysical phenomena related to supermassive black holes, PhD Thesis, Universitat Koln, 142 pages Vermeulen, R. C.; P. M. Ogle, H. D. Tran, I. W. A. Browne, M. H. Cohen, A. C. S. Readhead, G. B. Taylor, R. W. Goodrich (1995). "When Is BL Lac Not a BL Lac?". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 452 Zhang, Xue-Guang et Al., On the Correlation between Radio Properties and Black Hole Mass of Quasars, Chin J. Astron. Astrophys. Vol. 3 (2003), No. 3, 212-224 Alonso-Herrero, Almudena, The Relation between Mid-Infrared Emission and Black Hole Mass in Active Galactic Nuclei: A Direct Way to Probe Black Hole Growth?, The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 571, Issue 1, pp. L1-L5, c) 2002: The American Astronomical Society, 05/2002 Fabian, A. C.; M. J. Rees (1995). "The accretion luminosity of a massive black hole in an elliptical galaxy". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 277 (2): L55–L58. Ho Luis, On the Relationship between Radio Emission and Black Hole Mass in Galactic Nuclei, The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 564, 01/2002, pp. 120-132 Laor, Ari, On Black Holes Masses and Radio Loudness in Active Galactic Nuclei, The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 543, Issue 2, p. L111- L114, 11/2000 LYNDEN-BELL, D. (1969). "Galactic Nuclei as Collapsed Old Quasars". Nature 223 (5207): 690–694. Marconi, A.; L. K. Hunt (2003). "The Relation between Black Hole Mass, Bulge Mass, and Near-Infrared Luminosity". The Astrophysical Journal 589 (1): L21–L24. McLure, Ross J. et. al., The relationship between radio luminosity and black hole mass in optically selected quasars, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 353, Issue 4, 10/2004 L45-L49 Narayan, R.; I. Yi (1994). "Advection-Dominated Accretion: A Self-Similar Solution". Journal reference: Astrophys. J 428: L13. Nelson, Charles H., Black Hole Mass, Velocity Dispersion, and the Radio Source in Active Galactic Nuclei, The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 544, Issue 2, pp. L91-L94 12/2000 O’Dowd,Matthew et. al., The Host Galaxies of Radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei: The Black Hole- Galaxy Connection, The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 580, Issue 1, 11/2002, pp. 96-103 Panessa, F Multi- wavelength and Black Hole Mass Properties of Low Luminosity Active Nuclei, publication- THE MULTICOLORED LANDSCAPE OF COMPACT OBJECTS AND THEIR EXPLOSIVE ORIGINS. AIP Conference Proceedings, Vol. 924, pp. 830-835 (2007) Pott, Jorg- Uwe, Astrophysical phenomena related to supermassive black holes, PhD Thesis, Universitat Koln, 142 pages Vermeulen, R. C.; P. M. Ogle, H. D. Tran, I. W. A. Browne, M. H. Cohen, A. C. S. Readhead, G. B. Taylor, R. W. Goodrich (1995). "When Is BL Lac Not a BL Lac?". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 452 Zhang, Xue-Guang et Al., On the Correlation between Radio Properties and Black Hole Mass of Quasars, Chin J. Astron. Astrophys. Vol. 3 (2003), No. 3, 212-224 Conclusion Future Studies  More Active Galactic nuclei will be used, and at different masses.  Another wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum will be added.  More Active Galactic nuclei will be used, and at different masses.  Another wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum will be added. http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2001/0157blue/0157blue_xray.jpg This Chandra image of Cen A shows a bright central source: the Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) suspected of harboring a super massive black hole.  There is no correlation found between black hole mass (kg) to infrared/radio emissions. Multiple electromagnetic wavelength array. Aperture Photometry Tool (Scaramucci and DiPreta, 2009)