1. Basic Aerodynamics and Stability Presented by: Mr Jamie Presser

2. Topic: Overview of basic aerodynamics, flight controls and effects of Centre of Gravity on stability

3. Definition of Controlled Flight Provide corrections Cause movement in the desired direction Controlled Flight is: The ability to produce movements about the various axis that,

4. Aerodynamic Terms Chord line: Line running from the leading edge point of min radius to trailing edge Chord: Length of Chord line

5. Aerodynamic Terms Mean camber line: Line running half way between upper and lower surface of aerofoil Camber: Distance between chord line and mean camber line

6. Aerodynamic Terms Angle of Attack Angle between chord line and Relative airflow Centre of Pressure (CoP) Point where all aerodynamic pressures can be represented as a single vector Angle Relative Airflow Chord Line CoP

7. Bernoulli's Theorem Given: Total Pressure = P 0 Static Pressure = P 1 Dynamic Pressure = P 2 P 0 = P 1 + P 2

8. Bernoulli's Theorem Lower static pressure Higher static pressure RestrictionAir Flow P 0 = P 1 + P 2

9. Primary Flight Controls Aileron Rudder Elevator Thrust

10. Elevator Primary Response = Change in Pitch Secondary Response = Change in Speed Control movement

11. Ailerons Primary Response = Roll Secondary Response = Yaw Control Movement

12. Rudder Primary Response = Yaw Secondary Response = Roll Control Movement

13. Payload Aft of CoG Payload Naturally stableUnstable – Not recommended Aircraft balanced with payload fitted – Nose down tendency on release Aircraft balanced without payload fitted – Unstable until payload released

14. Naturally stableUnstable Not recommended Aircraft balanced without payload fitted – Nose down tendency until release Aircraft balanced with payload fitted – Unstable when payload released Payload Payload Forward of CoG

15. Payload Payload At CoG No change on payload release Ideal

16. Global Hawk Shadow Reaper Predator Jindivick Heron Boeing X-37 Fire Scout Avitus - Petrel

17. Any Questions?