1. May 2013 Timo Ritonummi Ministry of Employment and the Economy Finland
Low Carbon Competitive energy supply – A Member State perspective Bioenergy
May 2013
Timo Ritonummi
Ministry of Employment and the Economy
Finland

2. Finland, total energy consumption 1970–2011, PJ From Oil dominance to better balance

3. Total energy consumption 2011 - share of Renewables 29 %
Total energy consumption share of Renewables 29 % * in RES-directive goal 38% (of end-use!) - share of Bioenergy 23 %

4. Renewable energy sources 1970–2011, PJ

5. Bioenergy in Finland
Finland is one of the world leaders in the utilisation of wood-based fuels
Almost 80 % of RES is wood-based bioenergy
Strong connection to forest industry
The increase of the use of forest chips in power and heat production (multifuel boilers) will be based on cost efficiency, support:
Bioenergy €/MWh,e
Depends on CO2, with ~20 €/t: 0
Heat pumps €/MWh
Wind power 83.5 €/MWh,e
Biogas 83,5 €/MWh,e

6. Electricity supply 1970–2011, TWh CHP in big role; market based; main user of bioenergy; most boilers – all latest - multifuel (FBB – CFB, BFB)

7. Shares of energy sources in electricity supply, % (2011, total 84
Shares of energy sources in electricity supply, % (2011, total 84.6 TWh)
Wind power
2020 goal 6 TWh
2025 goal 9 TWh
Nuclear power
in operation 4 units
under construction 1
in planning phase 2
CHP District Heat 18 %
CHP Industry 11 %
CHP total 31 %

8. ”Bioenergy climate” in Finland
Strong co-operation with government, research & industry
Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation,TEKES
Tight connection with forest industry, synergy in biomass supply
Whole value chain considered, not just part optimization
Careful benchmarking for solution, not jumping into dark with goal setting
Tailor-made solutions in R&D and in politics (bioenergy #1)
Case NER300: only bioenergy (biorefeneries) considered earnestly and proposed, one project (AjosBTL) + Finnish company UPM in France got funding
Updated Energy and Climate Strategy (for 20/20/20 goals) published in 03/2013, strengthens the role of bioenergy link

9. Use of Forest Chips at Heating and Power Plants in Finland in 2011
Use, m3
Total use, m3
200 – (65 GWh)
500 – (86 GWh)
1 000 – (884 GWh)
5 000 – (646 GWh)
– (2 323 GWh)
– (1 307 GWh)
More (8 121 GWh)
Total million m3 (13.71 TWh)
Rovaniemi
Oulu
Kajaani
Pietarsaari
Seinäjoki
Joensuu
Jyväskylä
Jämsä
Pori
Mikkeli
Tampere
Rauma
Valkeakoski
Kouvola
Lappeenranta
1 m3 is about 2 MWh
Hämeenlinna
Turku
Kerava
Porvoo

10. Bioenergy – Finnish companies handle the whole chain
Feedstock - Feedstock Handling – Harvesting & Logistics - Conversion to power, heat and fuels

11. Examples of Finnish development 1/3
Biomass-to-Liquids process:
Forest biomass → gasification → Fischer-Tropsch synthesis → bio wax → bio diesel
Status:
Pilot phase
Finnish consortia:
Neste Oil & Stora Enso
UPM & Andritz
Vapo & Metsä Group
Thermochemical pathways
Synthetic liquid fuels and/or hydrocarbons through gasification
Bio-methane and other bio-synthetic gaseous fuels through gasification
High efficiency heat & power generation through gasification
Bio-methane through gasification:
R&D to produce synthetic bio-methane from biomass through gasification
Technical Research Centre of Finland VTT
Biomass gasifier integrated in a pulverized coal fired boiler:
Lahti I: Foster Wheeler gasifier, in operation since 1998
Lahti II: Metso gasifier, in operation 2012
Vaskiluoto (Vaasa): Metso gasifier, in operation 2012
Joutseno: Andritz gasifier, in operation 2012 DM
26/3/17

12. Examples of Finnish development 2/3
Pyrolysis oil
forest residues as raw material
industrial partners: Metso, Fortum, UPM
research partner: VTT
test runs in pilot scale in Tampere since 2009
Fortum builds a first commercial biomass based pyrolysis oil plant in Finland. Metso will deliver the plant, which will be in operation in 2013.
Thermochemical pathways
Intermediate bio-energy carriers through techniques e.g. pyrolysis and torrefaction
Torrefaction:
dried wood chips are treated in 250–300oC, properties resemble those of coal
VTT has ongoing R&D and European co-operation
Finnish companies are jointly developing torrefaction DM
26/3/17

13. Examples of Finnish development 3/3
Bioethanol, biochemicals, pulp and paper fibres
Chempolis Oy
raw material e.g. agricultural residues
technologies developed by Chempolis
demonstration biorefinery in operation in Oulu since 2008
Bioethanol
St1 Biofuels Oy: distributed bioethanol production from waste streams
development towards ligno-cellulosic raw materials
UPM Oyj: development on ligno-cellulosic bioethanol from residual fibres
Biological and chemical pathways
Ethanol and higher alcohols from ligno-cellulosic feedstock through chemical and biological processes
Hydrocarbons (e.g. diesel and jet fuels) through biological and/or chemical synthesis from biomass containing carbohydrates
Bio-energy carriers produced by micro-organisms (algae, bacteria) from CO2 and sunlight
Hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) technology
Neste Oil NExBTL diesel: Development towards new raw materials (e.g. microbes)
UPM Oyj: biodiesel from tall oil
investment decision in 2012; the plant in operation 2014
Algae for biofuel production
R&D on a new concept to utilize industrial waste streams in cultivation of algae for biodiesel and biogas production
VTT & other Finnish research institutes
13 Finnish companies participating
international co-operation DM
26/3/17

14. Limited Company (reg )
Shareholders:
major global companies (28) which have a significant stake in energy and environment related R&D&I in Finland
the most essential Finnish research institutes (17)
Industry driven joint R&D&I, open innovation platform

15. Sustainable Bioenergy Solution for Tomorrow (BEST) program
Program duration: 4 years (2+2)
Estimated volume per year: 4 MEUR
Consortium partners:
Companies (20):
Andritz, Arbonaut, Ekokem, Fortum, Gasum, Helsingin Energia, Indufor Oy, Inray Oy, Mantsinen Group, Measurepolis Development Oy, Metso Automation, Metso Power, Metsä Group, MW Power, Neste Oil, Pohjolan Voima, Senfit, Stora Enso, UPM, ÅF-Consult
Research organizations (13):
Aalto University, European Forest Institute (EFI), Finnish Geodetic Institute (FGI), Finnish Environmental Institute (SYKE), Finnish Forest Research Institute (Metla), Finnish Institute for Occupational Health (FIOH), Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT), MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Tampere University of Technology (TUT), University of Eastern Finland (UEF), University of Helsinki (UHe), University of Oulu (UOulu), VTT