Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Cell Membrane Outside of cell Inside (cytoplasm) Carbohydrate chains

Similar presentations


Presentation on theme: "Cell Membrane Outside of cell Inside (cytoplasm) Carbohydrate chains"— Presentation transcript:

1 Cell Membrane Outside of cell Inside (cytoplasm) Carbohydrate chains
Proteins Protein channel Lipid bilayer Carbohydrate chains

2 TAKS Objective 2 – The student will demonstrate an understanding of living systems and the environment.

3 TEKS Science Concepts 4 -The student knows that cells are the basic structures of all living things and have specialized parts that perform specific functions, and that viruses are different from cells and have different properties and functions. The student is expected t (B) investigate and identify cellular processes including homeostasis, permeability, energy production, transportation of molecules, disposal of wastes, function of cellular parts, and synthesis of new molecules

4 Engage

5 Explore Semi-Permeability Lab Eggactly What I Predicted
Cell Membrane Manipulative

6 Membrane structure Semi-Permeable Selectively Permeable
Amphipathic~ hydrophobic & hydrophilic regions Fluid Mosaic Model

7 The Structure of the Cell Membrane
Outside of cell Inside (cytoplasm) Cell membrane Proteins Protein channel Lipid bilayer Carbohydrate chains

8 Membrane structure Phospholipids~ membrane fluidity
Cholesterol~ membrane stabilization and fluidity “Mosaic” Structure~ Integral proteins~ transmembrane proteins Peripheral proteins~ surface of membrane proteins Membrane carbohydrates ~ cell to cell recognition;

9 Video 1

10 Random movement results in
Solution – mixture of solute and solvent Solute – substance being dissolved Solvent – substance dissolving solute Living Things (Universal Solvent)-Water

11 Membrane traffic Passive transport~ diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane (NO ENERGY) [] = concentration Diffusion~ the overall movement of particles from a region of high [] to an area of low [] Osmosis~ the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

12 Results of Diffusion Dynamic equilibrium Homeostasis
Once diffusion has evenly distributed the solute throughout the solvent; movement of particles continues with no change in [] Homeostasis Preservation of equilibrium

13 Diffusion depends on [] gradient
[] gradient: the difference in [] of a substance across space Diffusion is said to move down a [] gradient Diffusion continues until there is NO [] gradient Ex: O2 diffuses into oxygen depleted blood

14 Diffusion Small molecules like WATER, OXYGEN, AND CARBON DIOXIDE can move in and out freely. Large molecules like PROTEINS AND CARBOHYDRATES CANNOT Charged IONS CANNOT

15 Osmosis Video 2

16 Osmosis~ the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

17 Questions Osmosis is the diffusion of _______ across a cell membrane.
Osmosis and Diffusion are both types of __________ transport. Passive transport does or does not require energy? Small molecules can not move across freely. T or F Large molecules can move freely. T or F

18 Three Different Types of Solutions
Isotonic Solution Hypotonic Solution Hypertonic Solution

19 Isotonic Solution The solute outside the cell is equal in concentration to the solute in the cell. The cell retains its shape. water moves equally in both directions

20 Hypotonic Solutions Solution outside the blood cell contains a lower [] of solute than inside of the cell. Water will diffuse in. cell will lyse (burst). Animal cells - cytolysis. Plant cells do not burst- turgur pressure— grocers use this idea

21 Cells in a Hypotonic Solution

22 Hypertonic Solutions The solution outside the cell has a higher [] of solute than inside of the cell. Water will diffuse out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink or crenate Why should you not salt meat before cooking? CRENATION PLASMOLYSIS

23 Cells in a Hypertonic Solution

24 In what type of solution would these cells be found?

25 Water balance Summary Osmoregulation~ control of water balance
Hypertonic~ higher concentration of solutes Hypotonic~ lower concentration of solutes Isotonic~ equal concentrations of solutes

26 Water balance Summary Osmoregulation~ control in cells with cell walls: Turgid (very firm) - Hypo Flaccid (limp) - Iso Plasmolysis~ Hyper plasma membrane pulls away from cell wall

27 Plasmolysis Turgidity

28 Other Ways to Transport Molecules Across the Plasma Membrane
Selective Transport

29 Review Covered Passive Transport
Osmosis Does it require energy? NO!!! Diffusion

30 Osmosis What is osmosis? WATER
The movement of ___________ across the cell membrane. Is it the movement of any other substance? NO!!!! WATER

31 Diffusion Mixing of two substances by the random motion of molecules.
Molecules move from a region of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

32 How do other molecules cross the cell membrane???
Selective Transport Facilitated Diffusion (Another Passive Transport) Active Transport Protein Pumps Endocytosis Exocytosis

33

34 Selective Transport There are two types of selective transport
Facilitated Diffusion DOES NOT require the use of energy Active Transport DOES require the use of energy

35 Facilitated Diffusion
Glucose molecules High Concentration Cell Membrane Low Concentration Protein channel

36 Facilitated Diffusion
Does facilitated diffusion require the use of energy? NO!!!! It uses a [] gradient to transport molecules The molecules move from an area of high [] to an area of low [] Most SUGAR molecules pass across the cell membrane by this method of transport

37 Carrier Proteins Carry Molecules Across the Membrane
Good Example - transport of Glucose into the Cell

38

39 Active Transport Does active transport require the use of energy?
YES!!! It uses ATP Transports against the [] gradient. Low to High [] Sodium Potassium Pump, Endocytosis and Exocytosis

40 Active Transport Molecule to be carried Molecule being carried Energy

41 Active Transport: Sodium Potassium Pump
Move Sodium out of the cell Move Potassium into the cell Uses energy (ATP) Causes the protein to change shape Move against a [] gradient

42 Sodium Potassium Pump

43 Bulk Transport-Active
Endocytosis Pinocytosis Phagocytosis Exocytosis

44

45 Endocytosis During ENDOCYTOSIS the Cell Membrane folds into a POUCH (Vescicle) that Encloses the Particles.

46 Two Types of Endocytosis: Pinocytosis and Phagocytosis
PINOCYTOSIS ---"CELL DRINKING“—Small Particles PHAGOCYTOSIS---- "CELL EATING“-Large Particles

47 Treatments

48 Exocytosis EXOCYTOSIS is the opposite OR reverse of ENDOCYTOSIS.
EXOCYTOSIS, wastes and cell products leave the cell.

49

50 Specialized Transport Summary
Transport proteins Facilitated diffusion~ passage of molecules and ions with transport proteins across a membrane down the [] gradient Active transport~ movement of a substance against its [] gradient with the help of cellular energy

51 Elaborate Cell Membrane Bubbles Cellular Transport Flow Chart


Download ppt "Cell Membrane Outside of cell Inside (cytoplasm) Carbohydrate chains"

Similar presentations


Ads by Google