Download presentation
Published byMoses Rich Modified over 9 years ago
1
Cell Membrane Outside of cell Inside (cytoplasm) Carbohydrate chains
Proteins Protein channel Lipid bilayer Carbohydrate chains
2
TAKS Objective 2 – The student will demonstrate an understanding of living systems and the environment.
3
TEKS Science Concepts 4 -The student knows that cells are the basic structures of all living things and have specialized parts that perform specific functions, and that viruses are different from cells and have different properties and functions. The student is expected t (B) investigate and identify cellular processes including homeostasis, permeability, energy production, transportation of molecules, disposal of wastes, function of cellular parts, and synthesis of new molecules
4
Engage
5
Explore Semi-Permeability Lab Eggactly What I Predicted
Cell Membrane Manipulative
6
Membrane structure Semi-Permeable Selectively Permeable
Amphipathic~ hydrophobic & hydrophilic regions Fluid Mosaic Model
7
The Structure of the Cell Membrane
Outside of cell Inside (cytoplasm) Cell membrane Proteins Protein channel Lipid bilayer Carbohydrate chains
8
Membrane structure Phospholipids~ membrane fluidity
Cholesterol~ membrane stabilization and fluidity “Mosaic” Structure~ Integral proteins~ transmembrane proteins Peripheral proteins~ surface of membrane proteins Membrane carbohydrates ~ cell to cell recognition;
9
Video 1
10
Random movement results in
Solution – mixture of solute and solvent Solute – substance being dissolved Solvent – substance dissolving solute Living Things (Universal Solvent)-Water
11
Membrane traffic Passive transport~ diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane (NO ENERGY) [] = concentration Diffusion~ the overall movement of particles from a region of high [] to an area of low [] Osmosis~ the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
12
Results of Diffusion Dynamic equilibrium Homeostasis
Once diffusion has evenly distributed the solute throughout the solvent; movement of particles continues with no change in [] Homeostasis Preservation of equilibrium
13
Diffusion depends on [] gradient
[] gradient: the difference in [] of a substance across space Diffusion is said to move down a [] gradient Diffusion continues until there is NO [] gradient Ex: O2 diffuses into oxygen depleted blood
14
Diffusion Small molecules like WATER, OXYGEN, AND CARBON DIOXIDE can move in and out freely. Large molecules like PROTEINS AND CARBOHYDRATES CANNOT Charged IONS CANNOT
15
Osmosis Video 2
16
Osmosis~ the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
17
Questions Osmosis is the diffusion of _______ across a cell membrane.
Osmosis and Diffusion are both types of __________ transport. Passive transport does or does not require energy? Small molecules can not move across freely. T or F Large molecules can move freely. T or F
18
Three Different Types of Solutions
Isotonic Solution Hypotonic Solution Hypertonic Solution
19
Isotonic Solution The solute outside the cell is equal in concentration to the solute in the cell. The cell retains its shape. water moves equally in both directions
20
Hypotonic Solutions Solution outside the blood cell contains a lower [] of solute than inside of the cell. Water will diffuse in. cell will lyse (burst). Animal cells - cytolysis. Plant cells do not burst- turgur pressure— grocers use this idea
21
Cells in a Hypotonic Solution
22
Hypertonic Solutions The solution outside the cell has a higher [] of solute than inside of the cell. Water will diffuse out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink or crenate Why should you not salt meat before cooking? CRENATION PLASMOLYSIS
23
Cells in a Hypertonic Solution
24
In what type of solution would these cells be found?
25
Water balance Summary Osmoregulation~ control of water balance
Hypertonic~ higher concentration of solutes Hypotonic~ lower concentration of solutes Isotonic~ equal concentrations of solutes
26
Water balance Summary Osmoregulation~ control in cells with cell walls: Turgid (very firm) - Hypo Flaccid (limp) - Iso Plasmolysis~ Hyper plasma membrane pulls away from cell wall
27
Plasmolysis Turgidity
28
Other Ways to Transport Molecules Across the Plasma Membrane
Selective Transport
29
Review Covered Passive Transport
Osmosis Does it require energy? NO!!! Diffusion
30
Osmosis What is osmosis? WATER
The movement of ___________ across the cell membrane. Is it the movement of any other substance? NO!!!! WATER
31
Diffusion Mixing of two substances by the random motion of molecules.
Molecules move from a region of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
32
How do other molecules cross the cell membrane???
Selective Transport Facilitated Diffusion (Another Passive Transport) Active Transport Protein Pumps Endocytosis Exocytosis
34
Selective Transport There are two types of selective transport
Facilitated Diffusion DOES NOT require the use of energy Active Transport DOES require the use of energy
35
Facilitated Diffusion
Glucose molecules High Concentration Cell Membrane Low Concentration Protein channel
36
Facilitated Diffusion
Does facilitated diffusion require the use of energy? NO!!!! It uses a [] gradient to transport molecules The molecules move from an area of high [] to an area of low [] Most SUGAR molecules pass across the cell membrane by this method of transport
37
Carrier Proteins Carry Molecules Across the Membrane
Good Example - transport of Glucose into the Cell
39
Active Transport Does active transport require the use of energy?
YES!!! It uses ATP Transports against the [] gradient. Low to High [] Sodium Potassium Pump, Endocytosis and Exocytosis
40
Active Transport Molecule to be carried Molecule being carried Energy
41
Active Transport: Sodium Potassium Pump
Move Sodium out of the cell Move Potassium into the cell Uses energy (ATP) Causes the protein to change shape Move against a [] gradient
42
Sodium Potassium Pump
43
Bulk Transport-Active
Endocytosis Pinocytosis Phagocytosis Exocytosis
45
Endocytosis During ENDOCYTOSIS the Cell Membrane folds into a POUCH (Vescicle) that Encloses the Particles.
46
Two Types of Endocytosis: Pinocytosis and Phagocytosis
PINOCYTOSIS ---"CELL DRINKING“—Small Particles PHAGOCYTOSIS---- "CELL EATING“-Large Particles
47
Treatments
48
Exocytosis EXOCYTOSIS is the opposite OR reverse of ENDOCYTOSIS.
EXOCYTOSIS, wastes and cell products leave the cell.
50
Specialized Transport Summary
Transport proteins Facilitated diffusion~ passage of molecules and ions with transport proteins across a membrane down the [] gradient Active transport~ movement of a substance against its [] gradient with the help of cellular energy
51
Elaborate Cell Membrane Bubbles Cellular Transport Flow Chart
Similar presentations
© 2024 SlidePlayer.com Inc.
All rights reserved.