3. 2 LABOUR MIGRATION IN SOUTH EAST AND EAST ASIA- LABOUR MARKET NEEDS RECRUITMENT OF WORKERS AND COOPERATION BETWEEN LABOUR SENDING AND RECEIVING COUNTRIES. Migration or movement of people is centuries old process. There were no concepts of migration, legal emigrants, irregular emigration,, illegal migration, country of origins destination, human smuggling, human trafficking in past. Modern time has coined these words and concepts.

4. 3 Migration is for better and secure future. It is complex process. Interests of sending and receiving countries are poles apart but common objective is economic development.

5. 4 Most of Asian Countries except for Japan, Taiwan, Singapore, and South Korea are countries of origin. Malaysia and Thailand have become countries of destination but these are also countries of origin. Mostly workers for 3-D jobs and domestic workers both male and female are required.

6. 5 Japan, Singapore and Taiwan are in high income group whereas South Korea, Malaysia and Thailand in Middle income group. Workers from neighboring countries are moving to high income group countries. These countries have exhausted their internal workforce resources. Now these countries need foreign workers to meet shortage.

7. 6 Japan and Korea are not open to legal migrant workers only foreign trainees are invited to meet workforce shortages. South Korea has recently introduced work permit system under Foreign worker Employment Act. Eight Asian countries have been declared “Source Countries “IOM reports on it are exhaustive.

8. 7 Singapore is following quite restricted work permit programme

9. 8 As far as cooperation between labour sending and receiving countries in the region is concerned, I0M may provide a platform for dialogue and inter-state cooperation between the countries of origin and destination for managed migration and ensure exploitation free jobs to foreign workers.

10. 9 Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri-Lanka, Nepal, Philippines, Vietnam, etc are labour surplus countries. Pakistan is country of origin, destination, and transit.

11. 10 CAPACITY :  Labour force of about 42 million.  Vast network of vocational/technical training facilities.  150,000 Pakistanis go abroad for employment annually.  1159 Overseas Employment Promoters are operating all over the country.  Website, E-mail, data bank of sufficient workers in all categories for about 300,000 aspirants with OEPs.  Website of the Bureau containing complete list of Overseas Employment Promoters.

12. 11 As far as Pakistan is concerned, labour migration in East Asia is negligible. Pakistan has started sending its manpower to Malaysia - under a MOU signed between the two countries. Recently licensed Pakistani Overseas Employment Promoters have dispatched 2000 general workers to Malaysia.

13. 12 Pakistan is exporting manpower to South Korea since 1994 under “foreign trainee” programme through licensed Overseas Employment Promoters to work under umbrella of Korean Federation of small Medium Enterprises.

14. 13 Pakistan is also source country for export of manpower to Singapore is negligible. Pakistan is hosting about 2.5 million refugees, and about 300,000 legal and illegal foreign workers.

15. 14 Ministry of Labour Manpower & Overseas Pakistanis is responsible for:- Policy and programs for human resource development. Research into the problems of Overseas Pakistanis and resolutions of these issues. Social economic uplift of working labours and maintain labour management relations. Administration of Emigration Ordinance 1979. National Policy and coordination regarding manpower development and employment promotions. Foreign employment and emigration. Technical Trainings and Training programmes for workers including Research.

16. 15 Bureau of Emigration & Overseas Employment Established in 1971 Web: www.beoe.gov.pkwww.beoe.gov.pk E-mail: bureaumig@isb.paknet.com.pkbureaumig@isb.paknet.com.pk bureaumig@hotmail.com

17. 16 a)To control and regulate emigration for employment abroad. b)To look after the interest of the emigrants. c)To facilitate, supervise and monitor the activities of Overseas Employment Promoters. d)To advise the Federal Government on. emigration policies and procedure. FUNCTIONS

18. 17 Emigration from Pakistan for the purpose of overseas employment is controlled regulated, facilitated and monitored under Emigration Ordinance 1979 & Rules made there under (amended from time to time). LEGAL FRAME WORK

19. 18 ORGANIZATIONAL SET-UP Bureau of Emigration and Overseas Employment is headed by a Director General having its field offices through out the country and abroad such as : a)Protector of Emigrants at seven different stations. b)Community Welfare Attaches in nine countries.

20. 19 Map Indicating Bureau’s Regional Office namely Protector of Emigrants

21. 20 Only licensed Individuals, Firms or Corporations can operate as Overseas Employment Promoters to process demands from foreign employers and assist them to make recruitment and selection of workers. WHO CAN HANDLE EMIGRATION

22. 21 Must be a national of Pakistan and man of integrity. Must be financially sound. Must be of good conduct and character - clearance by District Government. Security Clearance by Intelligence Agencies as well as Security Agencies. There are 1159 licensed OEPs. WHO QUALIFIES TO GET OVERSEAS EMPLOYMENT PROMOTERS LICENCE

23. 22  No Government interference-free choice of the employers in selection of workers.  Record of each selected worker is maintained.  Pakistan is providing manpower in more than 40 trades of highly qualified, highly skilled, skilled, semi skilled and unskilled manpower besides professionals and experts to more than 50 countries of the World. Pakistan professionals  Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman, Kuwait, Qatar and Bahrain are major labour absorptive markets for Pakistani labour force. Saudi EMIGRATION FROM PAKISTAN

24. 23  Since the inception of Bureau 3.61 million emigrants have been provided overseas employment but no country has ever reported their involvement in any type of illegal activities  About 0.2 million Pakistani workers proceed abroad for employment annually.  Computerized National Identity Cards issued by NADRA to bonafide Pakistanis after due security clearance and personal appearance of the individual.

25. 24 CountryYEARS 20002001200220032004 2005 ( up to July) Saudi Arabia 67425972621047831263977089620883 UAE265511842134113613296578641194 Oman4380380295691189824862 Qatar322716334803672383789 Bahrain901117310228098551007 Kuwait122440320412087144986410 Yemen525738515740 Libya17897137811374365240 Malaysia1936459114651620 Korea107127156421442474813 UK2358007038581419926 USA700788310140130123 Italy32582448128581256 Spain90362389202254241 Others7191351798109449791004 Total:10773312792914742221403917382480408

26. 25 BROAD-BASED CATEGORY-WISE PAKISTANI EMIGRATION FOR THE LAST 6 YEARS Broad-basedCategories.20002001200220032004 2005 (up to July) Highly qualified 299931552618271932911997 Highly skilled 102092108461477822152155578429 Skilled5411064098749681017137703334587 Semi-skilled212527683236460138402680 Un-skilled382074706251822828547410332715 Total10773312792914742221403917382480408

27. 26 An Overseas Employment Promoter can only process a demand from abroad if he is in possession of Power of Attorney and Demand letter from the foreign employer which shall be attested by either of the following: a).Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the host country. b).Embassy of the host country in Pakistan. c).Embassy of Pakistan in the country of employer. IIn case of Malaysia power of attorney and demand letter are required to be attested only by CWA after verification of jobs availability, financial soundness and genuineness of employer. PROCESSING OF FOREIGN DEMAND Documents

28. 27  Grant of permission by the Protector of Emigrants to the concerned Overseas Employment Promoters.  Advertisement in the National News papers  Selection from Data Bank maintained by Overseas Employment Promoters.  Trade test/interview by foreign employer himself or his authorized representative to select right person for the right job.  Police verification certificate from District Police Officer  Medical examination from Medical Centers approved by host country.  Arrangement of employment visa.  Deposit of prescribed fee in designated banks. PROCEDURE

29. 28  Machine Readable Passports issued by the Director General Passport after due security clearance and personal appearance of the individual  Personal appearance of the workers before Protector of Emigrants at the time of registration.  Clearance of each worker from Police authorities (requirement of the Malaysian Government)  Close liaison with FIA regarding illegal emigration and issues of mutual interest.FIA

30. 29 WELFARE SERVICES FOR THE MIGRANT WORKERS AND THEIR FAMILIES/DEPENDENTS.  Financial Aid.  Compensation/Assistance to the Gulf War Affectees.  Health Facilities.  Free Ambulance Services for Transpiration of Dead Bodies of Overseas Pakistanis.  Education Facilities, Scholarships and Merit Awards.  Housing Schemes.  Radio Broadcast.

31. 30 ENHANCEMENT OF SKILLS TO IMPROVE OVERSEAS EMPLOYMENT SYSTEM TO BENEFIT MIGRANT WORKERS.  Imparting of training to officers of Bureau of Emigration and Overseas Employment, labour Attaches/ Community Welfare Attaches posted in Pak- Missions abroad to look after /welfare of emigrants.  Training of licensed Overseas Employment Promoters.  Awareness compaign for migrant workers through Print and Electric Media.  Interaction with country of destination for proper look after for interest of migrants.

32. 31 PRE-DEPARTURE BRIEFING  Briefing regarding terms and conditions of service by Overseas Employment Promoters Briefing regarding  Briefing by O & B officer on the climate, social, customs, traditions and labour laws of the host country, Dos & Don'ts while abroad and voluntary willingness of the emigrant to serve abroad.  Briefing by Protector of Emigrants on terms & conditions of service as given in employment contract.  Malaysia bound workers shall get briefing and orientation as modules prescribed by Malaysian Government.

33. 32 REGISTRATION REGISTRATION OF WORKERS.  Execution of Foreign Service Agreement /Contract between emigrant and the employer or the Overseas Employment Promoter on behalf the employer.  Foreign Service Agreement covers terms & conditions, salary and other fringe benefits.  Registration of Foreign Service Agreement /Contract with Protector of Emigrants is mandatory.  Every worker is insured with an Insurance company.

34. 33 Overseas Employment Promoter who indulges in mal-practices and over charging is dealt with severally as under:  Licence is cancelled.  Licence is suspended for a specified period.  Security is forfeited in whole or in part.  Special courts to try offences.  Imprisonment which may extend to 14 years. VIOLATION OF EMIGRATION LAW

35. 34 Thanks