1. To everyone, to you Nathan L., L T., Joy W., Daniel W.

2. Creative Interpretation -Take your little quilt square and draw one thing that you think represents Washington State or the Seattle area.

3. Mini IO

4. Historical Context ●1945: Pablo Neruda was elected to Chile’s Senate and joined the Communist Party ●1948: forced into hiding and fled to Argentina in 1949 ●Later published the Canto General in 1950 ●Began to move away from the highly political stance he took during the 30s -Concentrated less on politicizing the common folk and focused more on reaching them on a level everyone could understand

5. Historical/Cultural Themes ● “Art for art’s sake alone….is a bourgeois waste of time.” o functional, wholesome, accessible to the masses, political ● Neruda did not intend his career to be focused on his political views o merely wished for peace in the world ● (Becker)

6. Historical/Cultural Themes -Advocation for the “Common Man” -Relation to Communism - Everything is the same, therefore everything is equal and should be treated as such - Instead of rehashing Marxist dogma, however, he concentrated on elements of people’s lives common to all people at all times.

7. Neruda’s Life ● Between 1927 and 1935, Neruda acted as a Chilean diplomat ● Was in Spain during Franco’s invasion o Atrocities committed during this time included the assassination of his friend Gabriel Garcia Lorca ● Prompted his alignment with the communist party ● In 1948, Neruda fled Chile for Mexico

8. Neruda in the 1950s ● remember - USSR is prominent at this time ● Neruda had poems published in the US in the ‘40s and ‘50s despite anti-communism ● in 1950 he became a member of the World Peace Council ● Partido Revolucionario Institucional in power in Mexico o nationalized industry, emphasized education

9. Canto General ●Published in 1950, while Neruda was exiled in Mexico ●The Canto General described the political and social climate in Chile during this time ○ was eventually banned in Chile

10. El Fugitivo ● El Fugitivo is the fifth canto of the Canto General. ● This canto details Neruda’s exile, as well as comments on the solidarity of the Chilean people.

11. Theme: Commonality “Neruda makes it clear that our most intense experience of impermanence is not death but our own isolation among the living.... If Neruda is intolerant of despair, it is because he wants nothing to sully man’s residence on earth.”

12. Mini IOC

13. Dominant Effect Neruda uses contrast to symbolize the universality that is shared by everyone and everything in order to convince his audience to embrace their similarities and build a sense of solidarity.

14. To everyone, to you, silent beings of the night who took my hand in the darkness, to you, lamps of immortal light, star lines, bread of the living, secret brothers, to everyone, to you, I say; there’s no thanks, nothing could fill the cups of purity, nothing can contain all of the sun in the flags of the invincible springtime like your quiet dignities. Show universality of the ideas he is about to convey Everyone stands together in the darkness of the background But also emphasizes individual importance to the society Bread = “sustenance of soul”, something that should be shared Something that we must do ourselves but all have the capacity to do Power imagery Timid imagery; ironic how this is able to contain the power described above

15. Only I’m thinking maybe I’ve been worthy of so much simplicity, of a flower so pure, maybe I’m you, that’s right, that essence, flour and song of earth, that natural kneading that knows where it comes from and where it belongs.

16. “On our earth, before writing was invented, before the printing press was invented, poetry flourished. That is why we know that poetry is like bread; it should be shared by all, by scholars and by peasants, by all our vast, incredible, extraordinary family of humanity.” -Neruda

17. I’m no distant bell nor a crystal buried so deep you can’t figure it out, I’m just the people, hidden door, dark bread, when you receive me, you receive yourself in your very self, in that guest beaten so many times and so many times reborn. Idea is not untouchable, not an unreachable goal Idea is a common thing, able to understand I am you. You are me. We are one. Understand the idea internally Common Man Allusion

18. To all and everyone, to all I don’t know, who’ll never hear this name, to those who live along our long rivers, at the foot of volcanoes, in the sulphuric copper shadow, to fishermen and peasants, to blue indians on the shore of lakes sparkling like glass, to the shoemaker who at this moment questions nailing leather with ancient hands, to you, to whomever without knowing it has waited for me, i belong and recognize and sing. = a fresh opening for the poem, starts a whole new idea/section = a slightly different audience = diversity amongst the beautiful places of the country = diversity amongst the people = a theme of knowing = restatement of the idea of solidarity (accentuated by the theme of knowing) Main Idea of this passage: call to action

19. Works Cited ●Becker, Erin. "Colored by Passion: The Political-Poetical Intersect in the Life and Work of Pablo Neruda." The People, Ideas, and Things (PIT) Journal. The People, Ideas, and Things (PIT) Journal, 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. ●“Pablo Neruda”. University of Florida. Web. 17 November 2014 ●"Pablo Neruda." Poetry Foundation. Poetry Foundation, n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2014. ●"Pablo Neruda." Encyclopedia of World Biography. 2nd ed. Vol. 11. Detroit: Gale, 2004. 344- 345. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 17 Nov. 2014.