1. Principles of Rocketry

2. Bring These Materials to class on Monday 9/30/13
1 2-Liter soda bottle
Duct Tape
Manila envelopes or cardboard
Stickers, paint, colorful duct tape for unique designs and other decorations are optional

3. Isaac Newton's 3rd law of Motion
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
                                                                                                                                             

4. What is the Action? Solid Fuel Rockets
Fuel in solid form burns and is converted to hot gasses
Hot gasses expand and create high pressure
Pressure escapes out nozzle, pushing against air and rocket body equally
- Reaction: Rocket moves forward, as gasses move backwards

5. Gasses Rocket Pascal’s Principle Action Reaction
Equal pressure in all directions
Pascal’s Principle
Hot gasses escaping
DRAW THE ROCKET
Nozzle
Burning fuel Producing hot gasses
Solid Fuel

6. Space Shuttle: Solid and Liquid Fuel Rockets
Liquid Fuel and Oxygen tank Feeding Engines
Solid Fuel Rocket Boosters

7. Our Water Rockets
Instead of hot gasses creating pressure, we use a bike pump and store pressure
Action: Expelling water from engine bottle.
(water is forced down)
Reaction: Water resisting against rocket body.
(Rocket is forced up)

8. Water Rockets Work Like Real Rockets
Pascal’s Principle
Reaction:
Bottle forced up by water being expelled down
High Air pressure is transmitted equally in all directions and parts of the fluid.
Action:
Water forced out and down by air pressure

9. Other factors that make the Water Bottle Rocket Fly
Compressed Air + Water
WRITE
WRITE
WRITE

10. Mother Nature doesn't like it when things aren't equal!
When you pull the pin on the launch pad, and the latch holding your rocket to the launch pad pulls back, no force will be holding that rocket down! The unbalanced force of the High air pressure inside of your rocket will instantly rush out of the rocket nozzle pushing your rocket into the sky!

11. Newton's 3 Laws Explains Everything
Newton's 3 Laws of Motion
#1 An object will stay at rest unless a force acts upon it.
#2 Force = Mass x Acceleration
#3 For every action there is an equal an opposite reaction.

12. How Newton's Laws Affect Our Rockets
Newton's First Law
When you pressurize your rocket and compress all of that air into your rocket engine, the force of the launch pad latch equals the force of the compressed air. Your rocket is resting, it will go nowhere.

13. Newton's Second Law
This law tells you how much force (push) is going to come out of your rocket nozzle. The air is the accelerant, the water is the mass. You are limited to a 2000 ml volume rocket engine (a 2 liter pop bottle).What ratio of compressed air (limited to 65 psi) and water (your choice) will produce the most force?
About half the bottle full of water 100mLs
Too much mass = too much inertia
No mass = nothing to push off of

14. Newton's Third Law
When you pull the pin, that area of High Air Pressure in the top of your rocket engine is going to force, throw, hurl, spew that "massive" water out the bottom of your rocket at a great speed. That water and air is pushing down, so your rocket must go up.

15. Stability During Flight
The orientation of fins and distribution of mass help make the rocket stable.
Center of Gravity
Center of Pressure

16. Center of Gravity

17. Stability During Flight….
Think about a dart….
Fins or feathers in the rear act like wind veins and trail behind
Heavy mass in front carries the momentum

19. David L. Pop Bottle Rocket video

20. Bring These Materials to class on Monday 9/30/13
1 2-Liter soda bottle
Duct Tape
Manila envelopes or cardboard
Stickers, paint, colorful duct tape for unique designs and other decorations are optional