1. Realism

2. Jacques-Louis David, “The Oath of the Horatii” 1784

3. Caspar David Friedrich, “Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog,” 1818

4. Jean-François Millet, “The Gleaners,” 1857

5. Gustave Courbet, “The Stonebreakers,” 1849

6. Realism resisting idealization things as they really are, appear
depiction of subject matter truthfully
without anything artificial
avoiding anything implausible, like implausible emotions, implausible setting or conditions
avoiding exotic, supernatural elements
focus on everyday life

7. From the Enlightenment to Romanticism to Realism
Minute observation of material, physical world
Minute observation of social world, social reality, and isolation in the social
Authentic depiction of inner world, emotional life
All things given equal weight – the mundane versus the sublime