1. Bell Ringer (On a sheet of paper)
Copy the 7 statements below. Then, identify whether the statement is true or false.
1. DNA is found in a cell’s membrane. 2. Identical twins have different DNA. 3. Genes are sections of DNA that code for certain traits 4. Chromosomes are long strands of DNA. 5. DNA is Single-stranded 6. Clones contain the same genetic material 7. Nearly every cell in your body has a complete set of DNA.

2. Brain Pop Video Clip
While watching the video clip, look back at the 7 true or false questions from the bell ringer to correct your answers.

3. Bell Ringer (Answers)
False: Nucleus
False: Same
True
Double

4. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
-The Blue Print of Human Life-
Learning Target: I can identify the characteristics of DNA.

5. DNA
What is it?
Where can it be found?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)- The genetic material of all living organisms that controls all chemical changes that take place in cells.
Often known as “blueprint of all living organisms.”
In the nucleus of all cells for all organisms.

6. DNA
What does it look like?
It looks like a twisted ladder.

7. DNA What is it composed of?
DNA has two ‘backbones’ or strands. (They look like sides of the ladder.)
The strands are composed of alternating phosphates and sugars.
The steps of the ladder are composed of four bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C) and guanine (G).

8. Homework: Vocabulary Terms
Nucleus Double Helix Chromosomes Base Pair Gene
Inherit
Clone
Modify
Cross-Breed (verb)
Genome

9. Exit Slip/Quiz Number your paper from 1-10.
This is a multiple choice quiz.

10. What does DNA look like? What is DNA Composed of?
Bell Ringer
What does DNA look like?
What is DNA Composed of?
Where can you find DNA?

11. Learning Target
I can create a model of DNA to describe the composition of DNA.

12. Edible DNA Model Each group (of 2) will have 2 pieces of twizzlers
12 toothpicks
9 pink marshmallows
9 green marshmallows
9 yellow marshmallows
9 orange marshmallows
5 paperclips

13. Edible DNA Model
There are 1 set of instructions per group as well as questions.
Please read and follow the written instructions and answer all questions. (Everyone will answer all questions)

14. Questions
When constructing the DNA molecule, explain what you notice about the orientation of the two strands?
In DNA, thymine is complementary to (or pairs with) _________________________ ; cytosine is complementary to _________________________.

15. Questions
3. What DNA strand would bond opposite S----P----S----P----S----P----S----P----S----P----S T G G A C C 4. Explain why DNA is known as “blueprint of all living organisms.”

16. Questions Describe the smallest unit of DNA.
Describe the shape of the DNA molecule.
Assume that a 100-base pair DNA double helix contains 45 cytosines. How many adenines are there?

17. History of DNA

18. Vocabulary DNA RNA DNA Repair Deleterious Mutation Sickle-Cell Anemia
Cancer
Beneficial Mutation
Evolution
Spontaneous
Mutation

19. Bell Ringer Please copy the sentence and then answer.
1. According to base‐pairing rules with DNA "A" bonds
only to ______.
According to base‐pairing rules with DNA “G" bonds 
A segment of DNA has one strand with the following
sequence of bases:
AGCGCATAGCAA
What would the complimentary strand of DNA would be?

20. Mutations Would a mutation make you a superhero?
In the comic books, a mutation can give a person superpowers. Do you think this really happens? In real life, a mutation can be beneficial, or it can harm an organism. For example, beneficial mutations lead to evolution, and harmful mutations can lead to diseases like cancer. A mutation, however, is not going to turn you into a superhero!

21. Brain Pop Video Clip
Before watching the video clip, fold your construction paper in hotdog style and then into 1/8ths. (fold it in hamburger style 3 times)

22. Mutations are any changes that take place in DNA:
DNA and Mutations
Mutations are any changes that take place in DNA:
Can be spontaneous or caused by mutagens
ex: Chemicals, high temperatures, UV light,
radiation
Can change the genetic code, and be replicated
when forming new body cells.
In sex cells, can be passed on to offspring.
Mutations can be neutral, beneficial, or harmful
ex: Blue eyes – a mutation that occurred 6-10,000 years ago, can be traced back to one ancestor
what kind of mutation is that?

23. Different Types of Mutation
On the front tab, you will write down the name of the mutation.
Inside, you will write down the definition for that specific mutation.
On the other side of the tab (inside), you will write down the example.

24. Different Types of Mutation
On the front tab, you will write down the name of the mutation.
Inside, you will write down the definition for that specific mutation.
On the other side of the tab (inside), you will write down the exmaple.

25. 1. Deletion
When a segment of DNA is lost, so there is a missing segment in the chromosome. These usually result in many genes missing from the chromosome.
THE DOG BIT THE CAT
Delete just one letter (T):
THE DOG BIT HEC AT
If a single base is deleted (called a point mutation), there can be huge effects on the organism because this may cause a frameshift mutation.

26. 2. Duplication
When a segment of DNA is repeated, creating a longer chromosome. These usually result in multiple copies of genes in the chromosome. THE DOG BIT THE CAT Repeat one letter: THE DOOG BIT THE CAT

27. 3. Inversion
When a segment of DNA is flipped and then reattached to the same chromosome.
THE DOG BIT THE CAT
Two letters from the word switch places
THE GOD BIT THE CAT

28. 4. Insertion
When a segment of DNA from one chromosome is added to another, unrelated chromosome.
THE DOG BIT THE CAT
Add just one letter (E):
THE DOE GBI TTH ECA T

29. 5. Translocation
When two segments from different chromosomes change positions.
THE DOG BIT THE CAT
The letters from different words switch places
THE DOT BIG THE CAT

30. 6. Substitution
A substitution is a mutation that exchanges onebase for another (i.e., a change in a single “chemical letter” such as switching an A to a G) THE DOG BIT THE CAT Replace just one letter: THE DOG BIT THE CAR

32. 3,2,1 Exit!
1. Name 3 types of mutations and define each one. 2. Describe two causes of mutation. 3. Explain how a mutation can be a benefit to an organism. Support your answer with a specific example.