2. Ladder of Values An intro to the themes of Dantes’ Inferno

3. Arrange the following in order, putting at the top the action you consider to be the worst (1) and at the bottom the action to be the least serious (12). A Stealing your best friend’s boyfriend or girlfriend B Killing someone you are supposed to love or be loyal to (like a parent or a sibling) C Cheating on a test D Flattering your boss in hopes of getting a promotion (or a teacher in hopes of getting a good grade) E Blasphemy (cursing God and meaning it) F Overeating (a whole lot) or getting very drunk – often G Being a spendthrift, spending money on foolishness H Starting a war or a riot (being the instigator) I Having sexual intercourse with someone you love, even though you are not married J Losing your temper and yelling at someone, even hitting him or her K Seducing someone you do not love L Killing many people in a war

4. Dante’s Inferno An exciting journey through all the circles of Hell

5. “Abandon all hope, ye who enter here…” “Hell has enlarged its soul and opened its mouth without any limits.” - Isaiah 5:14

6. The Seven Deadly Sins (Saint Thomas Aquinas) Lust Gluttony Avarice Sloth Anger Envy Pride

7. Three Types of Sin Three Types of Sin (Dante Alighieri) Incontinence (Level 1)Incontinence (Level 1) –Lack of self control Violence (Level 2)Violence (Level 2) will –Conscious violation of God’s will Fraudulent and Traitorous (Level 3)Fraudulent and Traitorous (Level 3) –Using reason and intellect as a weapon

9. VESTIBULE: Neutrals and Opportunists, indecisive, no real beliefs, those who don’t choose sides VESTIBULE: Neutrals and Opportunists, indecisive, no real beliefs, those who don’t choose sides CIRCLE #1—LIMBO: Virtuous Pagans and Unbaptized BabiesCIRCLE #1—LIMBO: Virtuous Pagans and Unbaptized Babies CIRCLE #2: Carnal and LustfulCIRCLE #2: Carnal and Lustful CIRCLE #3: GluttonsCIRCLE #3: Gluttons CIRCLE #4: Hoarders and Wasters CIRCLE #5: Wrathful and Sullen or SlothfulCIRCLE #4: Hoarders and Wasters CIRCLE #5: Wrathful and Sullen or Slothful

10. The First Circle Limbo Virtuous pagans & unbaptized infantsVirtuous pagans & unbaptized infants Homer, Socrates and PlatoHomer, Socrates and Plato “Only so far afflicted that without hope” they “live in desire” (4.42)“Only so far afflicted that without hope” they “live in desire” (4.42)

11. The Second Circle The LustfulThe Lustful Minos sits in judgmentMinos sits in judgment Blown about forever by stormy winds just as, in life, they were blown about by the winds of passionBlown about forever by stormy winds just as, in life, they were blown about by the winds of passion

13. Paolo and Francesca lust and the false God of Love Circle Two

14. The Third Circle The Gluttons

15. Guarded by Cerberus Wallow in mud and muck Besieged by hail & filthy water The Third Circle

16. The avaricious and the prodigal Avaricious (greedy) Prodigal (wasteful) Useless Labor The Fourth Circle

17. The Fifth Circle The Wrathful, Sullen, or SlothfulThe Wrathful, Sullen, or Slothful Attacking one anotherAttacking one another

18. City of Dis Boundary between upper and lower Hell.

19. CIRCLE #6: HereticsCIRCLE #6: Heretics CIRCLE #7.1: Violence Against Neighbors CIRCLE #7.2: Violence Against Oneself (Forest of the Suicides)CIRCLE #7.1: Violence Against Neighbors CIRCLE #7.2: Violence Against Oneself (Forest of the Suicides) CIRCLE #7.3.1: Violence Against God CIRCLE #7.3.2: Violence Against Nature (Homosexuals)CIRCLE #7.3.1: Violence Against God CIRCLE #7.3.2: Violence Against Nature (Homosexuals) CIRCLE #7.3.3: Violence Against ArtCIRCLE #7.3.3: Violence Against Art MALABOLGIAMALABOLGIA

20. Descent into lower Hell: Circle 6: Heresy atheists & Non- believers in the afterlife

21. Circle Violence against God, his creations, and self Circle 7: Violence against God, his creations, and self

22. Piero delle vigne Violence Against Self

23. Forest of the suicides

24. TheSodomites violence against nature male homosexuality

25. Ugolino and Ruggieri Violence

28. The Malbolge “Bad Pockets” Entry to lowest levels of Hell – for those who use their God-given intellect to distort the truth: Fraud Fraud Treachery Treachery

29. Circle 8: Fraud CIRCLE #8.1: Pimps, Panderers, and SeducersCIRCLE #8.1: Pimps, Panderers, and Seducers CIRCLE #8.2: FlatterersCIRCLE #8.2: Flatterers CIRCLE #8.3: Simonists (Users of the Church)CIRCLE #8.3: Simonists (Users of the Church) CIRCLE #8.4: Fortunetellers and SoothsayersCIRCLE #8.4: Fortunetellers and Soothsayers CIRCLE #8.5: GraftersCIRCLE #8.5: Grafters CIRCLE #8.6: HypocritesCIRCLE #8.6: Hypocrites CIRCLE #8.7: ThievesCIRCLE #8.7: Thieves CIRCLE #8.8: Evil Counselors and DeceiversCIRCLE #8.8: Evil Counselors and Deceivers CIRCLE #8.9: Sowers of Discord/Scandal/SchismCIRCLE #8.9: Sowers of Discord/Scandal/Schism CIRCLE #8.10: FalsifiersCIRCLE #8.10: Falsifiers

30. CIRCLE #8.1: Pimps, Panderers, and Seducers pan·der·er n. 1. A sexual procurer. 2. One who caters to or exploits the lower tastes and desires of others.

31. CIRCLE #8.2: Flatterers

32. The Simonists CIRCLE #8.3:

33. CIRCLE #8.4: Fortunetellers and Soothsayers

34. CIRCLE #8.5: Grafters CIRCLE #8.5: Grafters “the acquisition of gain (as money) in dishonest or questionable ways; also: illegal or unfair gain”

35. CIRCLE #8.6: Hypocrites CIRCLE #8.6: Hypocrites

36. CIRCLE #8.7: Thieves CIRCLE #8.7: Thieves

37. CIRCLE #8.8: Evil Counselors and Deceivers

38. CIRCLE #8.9: Sowers of Discord/Scandal/Schism

39. Ulysses CIRCLE #8.10: Falsifiers CIRCLE #8.10: Falsifiers

42. traitors CassiusBrutus Judas

43. CIRCLE #9.1 - CAINA: Treachery to KindredCIRCLE #9.1 - CAINA: Treachery to Kindred CIRCLE #9.2 - ANTENORA: Treachery to Country or Political PartyCIRCLE #9.2 - ANTENORA: Treachery to Country or Political Party CIRCLE #9.3 - TOLOMEA: Treachery to GuestsCIRCLE #9.3 - TOLOMEA: Treachery to Guests CIRCLE #9.4 - JUDECCA: Treachery to Lords or SuperiorsCIRCLE #9.4 - JUDECCA: Treachery to Lords or Superiors LOWEST LEVEL OF HELL: The worst of those who betrayed their benefactorsLOWEST LEVEL OF HELL: The worst of those who betrayed their benefactors ~Satan, Judas Iscariot, Brutus, and Cassius (Macbeth?)

44. Where do you fit in? http://www.4degreez. com/misc/dante- inferno-test.mvhttp://www.4degreez. com/misc/dante- inferno-test.mv Take the test and find out… if you DARE