1. Kay Graf Physics Institute 1 University of Erlangen ARENA 2006 University of Northumbria June 28 – 30, 2006 Integration of Acoustic Neutrino Detection Methods into ANTARES Technical Realisation Planning and Aims General Conditions Setup and Technical Implementation

2. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 2 Overview: Plans and Aims evaluate the prospects of an acoustic neutrino detector –with a dedicated 3-D array of sensors –investigate the acoustical background: noise and signals –located in a deep-sea environment ) within the framework of the ANTARES experiment or equip several storeys of the ANTARES detector with acoustic sensors

3. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 3 Instrumentation Line with 3 acoustic storeys (deployment foreseen first half 2007) 3 more Acoustic Storeys in an additional line: Plans to be finalized ANTARES with Acoustics

4. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 4 The ANTARES Detector 12 strings (900 PMTs) – 25 storeys / string – 3 PMTs/storey 100m 350m 70m string socket storey cable buoy submarine 14.5m connection cable junction box deep-sea cable to coast © F. Montanet

5. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 5 N.G. Lehtinen et al., Astropart. Phys., 17 (2002), p. 279 Basic Conditions: Noise sensitive sensors: background noise (SS0) broad sensitive frequency band ( ) as many sensors as possible: random coincidences as many length scales as possible: coherence length

6. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 6 Basic Conditions: Technical global: – no interference with the rest of the detector – as little changes as possible on-shore: independent DAQ and control off-shore: – salt-waterproof/pressure resistant components – data rate · 20MbPS per storey – power consumption · 3W per storey ) 6 sensors per storey - digitization: 500kSPS, 16-bit - continuous and synchronous read-out of sensors (200kSPS – 500kSPS)

7. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 7 ANTARES DAQ System: Schematics storey control room control module sensors

8. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 8 ANTARES Setup: Changes additional PC-Cluster for DAQ and control replace ANTARES ASIC boards by dedicated acoustics ADC boards replace ANTARES PMTs by acoustic sensors

9. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 9 Sensors ANTARES optical module: PMT (10") in glass sphere or acoustical module: 2 sensors (piezo with preamplifier) in one glass sphere hydrophones: 2 separate sensors (commercial or custom) connected via fan-out or

10. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 10 Acoustic Sensors: Comparison acoustical modules +assured water tightness +space for electronics +no pressure on components -position fixed -alters acoustic signal hydrophones + position free chooseable +characteristics tuneable +uniform directional sensitivity -assure water tightness -connection to control module sensitivity: -145 to -120 dB re. 1V/  Pa (0.05 to 1V/Pa) compare: SS0 ¼ 2.5mPa (1 – 100kHz) complementary: use both!

11. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 11 Acoustic ADC Board digital part analogue part all components tested prototype board: -designed, in production -available for tests: mid of July programming in progress

12. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 12 ADC Board: Analogue Part ADC (TI ADS8323) Amplifier and Filter (mainly Linear Technology) 500kSPS continuous sampling ) Nyquist-frequency 250kHz 16-bit resolution bipolar input ) digitization of acoustical data low noise ( ) variable gain (1 – 500) 10th order filter (f 0 =128kHz, · 10 -3 @250kHz) ) amplification and filtering of acoustical data FPGA CC ADC A+F

13. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 13 ADC Board: Digital Part FPGA (Xilinx Spartan-3) micro controller (STMicroelectronics STR710) encoding of acoustical data in ANTARES format timing of data and ADC controls amplifier data filter / down sampling slow control communication (settings and FPGA programme) programming of FPGA via flash ) updateable FPGA CC ADC A+F

14. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 14 Total Sensitivity

15. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 15 Performance 3 (+3) storeys with 18 (36) sensors at 3 length scales ( ) dynamic range ¼ 3mPa – 10Pa (RMS) read-out sensors continuously and synchronously at ¸ 200kSPS data rate 10 (20) MBPS flexible design (sensors, gain, filter) ?

16. ARENA 2006 – University of Northumbria Kay GrafUniversity of Erlangen June 28 – 30, 2006 16 Summary and Outlook 3 ANTARES storeys will be equipped with acoustic sensors conclusive and flexible concept for the integration currently in prototype and testing phase components install acoustics components in 2007