1. Class “help” email address: envir110@u.washington.edu Class web address : http:/soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/esc110/lecturewtr04

2. ESC 110 Field Trips Five Field Trips Are Offered All are on Tuesday, Thursday or Saturday Each field trip is 4 hours long including travel time -- meet in the C-10 Parking Lot behind Bloedel Hall for each FT--wear clothing that allows you to be outside-- wear closed-toed shoes for all trips CHOOSE ONE FIELD TRIP TO ATTEND Rabanco Recycling Facility and Nucor Bar Mill West Point Waste Treatment Plant and Groco Composting Cedar River Watershed Thorton Creek Restoration Snoqualmie Falls Hydroelectric Plant

3. Snoqualjmie Falls Hydroelectiric Power Plant Saturday January 31st (9 am to 1pm) Saturday February 7th (9 am to 1pm) max of 23 students per date

4. Rabanco Recycling Facility and Nucor Bar Mill Tuesday February 10th (noon to 4 pm) (Tuesday February 3rd (noon to 4 pm)) max of 14 students per date

5. West Point Waste Treatment Facility Thursday February 12th (9am to 1pm) Thursday February 19th (9am to 1pm) max of 27 students per date

6. Cedar River Watershed --Seattle Water Supply Thursday February 12th (1:30 to 5:30 pm) (Thursday February 17th (1pm to 5 pm)) 42 students max per date

7. Thornton Creek Restoration Saturday January 24th (1:30 pm to 5:30pm) Saturday January 31st (1:30 pm to 5:30pm) 42 students max per date

8. Dates in Chronological Order: January Saturday 24th - Thornton Creek (1:30 to 5:30 pm) Saturday 31st - Snoqualmie Falls (9 am to 1 pm) Saturday 31st - Thornton Creek (1:30 to 5:30 pm) February Saturday 7th - Snoqualmie Falls (9am to 1pm) Tuesday 3rd - Rabanco and Nucor Mill (noon to 4pm) February 10th - Rabanco and Nucor Mill (noon to 4pm) Thursday 12th - West Point/GroCo (9am to 1pm) Tuesday 12th - Cedar River Watershed (1:30 to 5:30) Thursday 17th - Cedar River Watershed (1:30 to 5:30pm) Thursday 19th - West Point/GroCo (9am to 1pm) You will need to complete a one-page field trip report answering questions related to each field trip. This needs to be turned in (hardcopy) in class within one week of the field trip you attend. Field trip sign-up will begin on Friday.

9. Group Project Topic and group selected by Jan 23. Draft of your project due to be posted by Feb 9. Final Projects due to be posted by Feb 28.

10. ESC110 Chapter One Understanding our Environment Principles of Environmental Science - Inquiry and Applications, 2nd Edition by William and Mary Ann Cunningham

11. Chapter One Some Key Terms McGraw-Hill Course Glossary McGraw-Hill Course Glossary  analytical thinking  creative thinking  critical thinking  deductive reasoning  environment  environmental science  global environmentalism  hypothesis  inductive reasoning  logical thinking  paradigms  positivism  reflective thinking  remediation  restoration ecology  scientific theory  sustainability  sustainable development

12. Chapter 1 Understanding Our Environment; Science as a Way of Knowing; Thinking About Thinking; A Brief History of Conservation and Environmentalism; and Human Dimensions of Environmental Science.

13. The Planet Earth Unique in the universe (?); Mild, relatively constant temperatures; Biogeochemical cycles; Millions of species; and Diverse, self-sustaining communities. Understanding Our Environment

14. What is Environmental Science?? The Natural World – plants, animals, soils, air, water Humans – social institutions and their artifacts (eg, political orgs, science, technology, etc) Integrating these two can affect the environment –Negatively?? so the more we learn about the environment the better we can develop solutions –Environmental Science

15. Environmental Science Environment is the circumstances and conditions that surround an organism or a group of organisms as well as the complex of social & cultural conditions that affect an individual or community; Environmental science is the systematic study of our environment and our place in it.

16. What's Happening to the Frogs? In some places, up to sixty-percent of frogs and salamanders have abnormal limbs, digits, eyes, or internal organs. Environmental science allows us to explore the possible causes of such problems. (observational &/or experimental)

17. Science as a Way of Knowing Modern science has its roots in antiquity; Greek philosophers; Arabic mathematicians and astronomers; and Chinese naturalists.

18. Scientific Investigation Deductive vs. inductive reasoning; Hypothesis - a conditional explanation that can be verified or falsified; and Scientific theory - an explanation that is supported by an overwhelming body of data and experience

19. Models and Natural Experiments Models Simulate real environmental systems; Can be physical or mathematical; Provide heuristic information (suggestions of how things MIGHT be); and Are influenced by researchers' assumptions. Natural Experiments Gathering of historic evidence; and Conducted by scientists who can't test their hypotheses directly.

20. Probability and Statistics Quantitative data Precise and easily compared; and Good benchmarks for measuring change. Probability Measure of how likely something is; and High degree of scientific certainty: 95% probability. Statistics Important tool in both planning and evaluating scientific studies; and Sample size, number of replications important.

21. Applied Science Many environmental scientists want to use their knowledge to repair ecological systems that have been damaged by humans.

22. Restoration Ecology Restoration - the re-creation of species composition and ecosystem functions in areas disrupted by human actions The Kissimmee River - the focus of an ambitious $8 billion restoration project.

23. Restoration Tools Labor-intensive horticultural or animal control methods Removal of exotic species

24. Restoration Issues Natural disturbance (fires, hurricanes, etc.) Multiple historic states Climate changes and evolution How do we distinguish between desirable and undesirable change?

25. Artificial Ecosystems Example: human-designed wetlands can be used to treat sewage effluent

26. Thinking About Thinking