1. Structural Steel Design, Fifth Edition, McCormac and Csernak, 2012 (International

2. Tension members are found in:
Bridge trusses,
Roof trusses,
Towers,
Bracing systems
As tie rods
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3. Types of Tension Members
Circular Rods
One of the simplest of tension members
Difficult to connect to many structures
Single Angles ( used in roof trusses)
Double angles
Tees (used in welded trusses)
Channels (Bridges and large roof trusses)
W sections (Bridges and large roof trusses)
Built up from plates and rolled shapes ( to have sufficient cross-sectional area and rigidity)
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5. Members consisting of more than one section need to be tied together.
Tie plates or tie bars are used to tie them
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6. Steel cables are tension members
in suspension bridges
as roof supports
Strength of about 200,00 to 250,000 psi
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7. AISC Specification (D2) Nominal Strength of a tension member Pn
Gross section
AISC Specification (D2)
Nominal Strength of a tension member Pn
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8. Nominal Strength of a tension member Pn
Net section
Bolt holes = D + 1/8
Nominal Strength of a tension member Pn
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9. Net Area Calculations
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10. Avoid eccentricities
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12. Quantity added for inclined lines
Empirical equation, AISCS (B4.3b)
𝑠 2 4𝑔
S is the pitch (distance c-t-c parallel to Tension)
g is the gage (distanc c-t-c perpendicular to Tension)
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