1. A Train Tour of the Northeast
Maryland
Pennsylvania
Maine
A Train Tour of the Northeast
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
New Jersey
Rhode Island
Connecticut
Vermont
Delaware
New York

2. The Northeast United States

3. Questions to think about
Why do we call the Northeast the “birthplace of our nation”?
Why did our nations first factories start here?
What large cities are found in the Northeast?

4. West Quoddy Head, Maine -Northeast Maine
-Northernmost part of the United States
-The lighthouse keeps ships from crashing into the shore.
The Sun rises here before anywhere else in the country

5. Northeastern Coast - Maine
Fishing is very important – fishing harbors are found throughout the coastline
Moving glaciers carved out the once smooth coastline a long time ago
Click the boat to hear the fog horn

6. -The coast use to be smooth until the Ice Age
-When glaciers melted, the sea flowed into the places where they were.
Harbors formed.

7. The Mountains of the Northeast – New Hampshire
Mt. Washington – highest peak in the Northeast at 6,288 ft.
Some of the world’s most severe weather
Possibility of snow all year long
Peak is very windy
Vocabulary
Peak – the top of a mountain
The Mountains of the Northeast – New Hampshire

8. Maine New Hampshire
State Capital - Augusta
Concord

9. Mount Washington Cog Railway
Mount Washington Cog Railway is used to get to the top – running on the 2nd steepest railway in the world
A part of the White Mountains which are connected to the Appalachian Mountain Range
Click the train to go to
The Cog Railway

10. Appalachian Mountain Range
One of the oldest mountain ranges in the world.

11. Vermont Mountains known for skiing Great foliage in the fall
State Capital - Montpelier

12. Rhode Island Smallest state in the US.
Newport, RI known for sailing and it is a large port.
State Capital - Providence

13. Connecticut
State Capital - Hartford
Mark Twain’s Home

14. Massachusetts State Capitol – Boston
Cape Cod is where the Pilgrims landed

15. Democracy Takes Root at Plymouth
About 400 yrs ago the Pilgrims landed in Massachusetts
They left England in 1602 on a ship called the Mayflower – a reproduction of the ship can now be seen at Plymouth Harbor
Half of the passengers were Pilgrims searching for religious freedom, the other half, known as “strangers” were looking to settle in Virginia

16. Democracy Takes Root at Plymouth
A storm blew the ship off course forcing the passengers to land in New England
With no government established in New England, the Pilgrims had a problem.
How did they solve their problem?

17. Problem Solved!!
To solve their problem, the Pilgrims came up with the Mayflower Compact – their agreement to set up a government that would make laws and rules for the benefit of everyone
Every man signed the compact and a governor was elected
Because of this Americans today believe that leaders and laws should be elected and created by the people
Click the Mayflower compact to see
Schoolhouse Rock – American Revolution

18. What is DEMOCRACY??

19. A form of government in which people vote for their laws and leaders.

20. Boston Leads the Fight For Freedom
The Freedom Trail and the Black Heritage Trail both are both walking trails that begin at the Boston Common
Freedom Trail – takes you to different places where the fight for freedom began, ending at the very place the first battle of the American Revolution took place, Bunker Hill
Black Heritage Trail – learn about the long history of African Americans in Boston ending at the African Meeting House

21. The Freedom Trail

22. Boston Leads the Fight For Freedom
America’s first public park is Boston Common
Boston is one of America’s oldest cities and where the fight for freedom began
The American Revolution began near Boston when British troops fought against the colonists in 1775 because they no longer wanted to live under British rule
“Boston Tea Party”

23. Boston Leads the Fight For Freedom
Battle of Bunker Hill
“Shot heard Around the world”
Vocabulary
Revolution – the overthrow of a system of government
Click the photo to watch the
“Shot heard Around the World”

24. New York Albany is the state capital
New York City is one of the largest cities in the United States.
Borders 2 of the Great Lakes, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario

25. The Erie Canal Links the Northeast and Midwest!!
The Erie Canal is a 363-mile-long ditch connecting Hudson River with the Great Lakes
In 1817, work began on the canal because they needed a faster and more costly way to transport goods

26. The Erie Canal

27. Erie Canal 83 locks were built to carry the boats over the mountains
In 1825, the Erie Canal opened and was a great success – freight prices dropped and New York City soon became the nation’s busiest seaport
Click the photo to hear the
Erie Canal Song

28. The Erie Canal A canal is a ditch dug across land.
Click the Photo to see a boat
Go through the Erie Canal.
The problem was the Appalachian Mountains were between the two regions and there was no river crossing the mountains
The solution was that men dug a 40-foot-wide ditch from the Hudson River to Lake Erie
Locks are used to raise and lower boats in the water.
Lock – a water elevator used to raise and lower boats

29. New York City: Where Buildings Touch the Sky
The largest city in America with more than 8 million people living in it
City of immigrants containing many different cultures and languages
Dutch settled here first then Europeans and Africans

30. New York City: Where Buildings Touch the Sky
New Yorkers began to build skyscrapers to house so many people
New York’s most famous skyscraper is The Empire State Building – 102 floors with 1,800 stairs and 1,472 ft tall
Vocabulary
Skyscraper – a very tall building

31. Delaware
The First State
Dover is the Capital
Borders Pennslvania

32. New Jersey
Capital – Trenton
The Garden State
Borders Pennsylvania

33. Pennsylvania Capital – Harrisburg State bird – Ruffled Grouse
State animal – White tailed deer
State flower – Mountain Laurel
State insect – Lady bug and the Firefly
State motto – The Keystone State

34. Hershey, Pennsylvania: A Town Built on Chocolate
Water power and people power were two reasons why the first factories were built in the Northeast
Milton Hershey started a candy business over a hundred years ago.

35. Hershey, Pennsylvania: A Town Built on Chocolate
He used the mass production system in his factory
The Hershey bar was America’s first mass produced candy bar
Hershey’s factory is the largest chocolate
factory in the world today
Vocabulary
Mass production – a way of making large quantities
of the same product
Click the Kiss to view How Hershey Kisses are made. Fast forward if needed.

36. Independence Hall: The Birthplace of the United States
The United States was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
July 4, 1776 was the first Independence Day – leaders from the 13 colonies met to sign the Declaration of Independence at Independence Hall
Told the world that Americans had formed their own nation called the United States of America

37. The Signing of the Declaration of Independence
Click the photo for SchoolHouse Rock Fireworks

38. Our Constitution
In 1787 the nations best thinkers met again in Independence Hall. They wrote a new Constitution or plan of government for our country. We still live by that plan today.
Constitution – A plan of government for the United States

39. Our Constitution Based on Democracy The people choose their leader
Protects our rights
To say what you think
Follow any religion
Right to a fair trial
Constitution – A plan of government for the United States
Click the photo for the Schoolhouse Rock
Preamble Video

40. Maryland and District of Columbia
Capital – Annapolis
Borders Pennsylvania to the south
DC – Borders both Maryland and Virginia

41. Washington, D. C.: Our Nation’s Capital
The capital of the United States and also where our countries government is located
3 branches of government
Legislative.
Executive
Judicial
Click the Capitol to hear
3 Ringed Government

42. 3 Branches of Government
Click the Law for “I’m Just a bill video
3 branches of government
Legislative – Congress makes laws for our country. Lawmakers are elected by voters to represent them in Congress.
2 Parts the House of Representatives and the Senate.

43. 3 Branches of Government
Executive – the President is head of this branch. Their job is to make sure the laws passed by Congress are carried out. The president is elected by voters from each state.
Click the seal to watch the Presidential Minute

44. 3 Branches of Government
Judicial – made up of courts which make sure that the laws passed by Congress are obeyed. Supreme Court is the highest court and its job is the make sure that the laws that are passed by Congress follow the Constitution.

45. Our National Monuments
Washington Monument – celebrates George Washington our first president
Jefferson Memorial – honors signer of the Declaration of Independence and our 3rd president Thomas Jefferson
National Archives Museum – holds the signed Declaration of Independence, Bill of Rights and the U. S. Constitution

46. Summary – Answers to Questions
Why the Northeast is the “birthplace of our nation”?
Boston is where the American Revolution began
Philadelphia is where Americans first declared our independence from Britain
Why first factories where located in Northeast ?
Waterpower to run factories
People who wanted and enjoyed challenge of starting new businesses
New transportation methods – canals + railroads – lowered cost of transporting goods and encouraged people to build factories
What are some large cities?
Boston, Philadelphia, Washington D. C., and New York City

47. The Northeast United States