1. Moving Cellular Materials Chapter 3 Notes

2. Cell Membrane Controls what moves into and out of cells. Controls what moves into and out of cells. Membrane of a cell is selectively permeable. Membrane of a cell is selectively permeable. It acts much like a screen, filter, or even a security guard. It acts much like a screen, filter, or even a security guard. It selects what will go through.

3. Passive Transport Movement of cellular materials that requires no energy. Movement of cellular materials that requires no energy. Diffusion Diffusion Special Types of Diffusion Special Types of Diffusion Osmosis Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion

4. Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area where there are more to where there are fewer. Movement of molecules from an area where there are more to where there are fewer. Continues until equilibrium is reached (the two areas are equal). Continues until equilibrium is reached (the two areas are equal). EX: When you open a bottle of perfume, the molecules will move from an area where there are more (in the bottle) to an area where there are fewer (outside the bottle). This will stop when the molecules are evenly distributed. EX: When you open a bottle of perfume, the molecules will move from an area where there are more (in the bottle) to an area where there are fewer (outside the bottle). This will stop when the molecules are evenly distributed.

5. Special Types of Diffusion Osmosis Osmosis Type of diffusion (passive transport) Type of diffusion (passive transport) Water goes through a cell membrane (in or out) Water goes through a cell membrane (in or out) Continues until equilibrium is reached. Continues until equilibrium is reached. If there are relatively more water molecules outside the cell than inside, the water will go into the cell and vice versa. [EX: Carrot demonstration] If there are relatively more water molecules outside the cell than inside, the water will go into the cell and vice versa. [EX: Carrot demonstration] Facilitated Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Transport proteins help move large molecules (like glucose) in and out. Transport proteins help move large molecules (like glucose) in and out.

6. ACTIVE Transport Movement that requires energy; occurs when particles are too large for passive transport. Movement that requires energy; occurs when particles are too large for passive transport. The cell membrane folds in on itself, enclosing the item. The part of the membrane around the object is called a vesicle. The cell membrane folds in on itself, enclosing the item. The part of the membrane around the object is called a vesicle. The vessicle then pinches off into the cytoplasm or outside of the cell. The vessicle then pinches off into the cytoplasm or outside of the cell. Endocytosis—transport INTO the cell (ENTER) Endocytosis—transport INTO the cell (ENTER) Exocytosis—transport OUT of the cell (EXIT) Exocytosis—transport OUT of the cell (EXIT) EX: Minerals are taken in by root cells through endocytosis. (Also, large proteins and bacteria.) EX: Minerals are taken in by root cells through endocytosis. (Also, large proteins and bacteria.)