Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
Figure 18.1a Generalized structure of arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Artery Vein © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
2
• Subendothelial layer • Internal elastic membrane Tunica media
Figure 18.1b Generalized structure of arteries, veins, and capillaries. Tunica intima Artery Vein • Endothelium • Subendothelial layer • Internal elastic membrane Tunica media (smooth muscle and elastic fibers) • External elastic membrane Tunica externa (collagen fibers) • Vasa vasorum Valve Capillary network Lumen Lumen Basement membrane Capillary Endothelial cells © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
3
Venous system Arterial system Large veins (capacitance vessels) Heart
Figure The relationship of blood vessels to each other and to lymphatic vessels. Venous system Arterial system Large veins (capacitance vessels) Heart Elastic arteries (conducting arteries) Large lymphatic vessels Lymph node Muscular arteries (distributing arteries) Lymphatic system Small veins (capacitance vessels) Arteriovenous anastomosis Lymphatic capillaries Sinusoid Arterioles (resistance vessels) Terminal arteriole Postcapillary venule Metarteriole Thoroughfare channel Capillaries (exchange vessels) Precapillary sphincter © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
4
Figure 18.3a Capillary structure.
Pericyte Red blood cell in lumen Intercellular cleft Endothelial cell Basement membrane Tight junction Pinocytotic vesicles Endothelial nucleus Continuous capillary. Least permeable, and most common (e.g., skin, muscle). © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
5
Figure 18.3b Capillary structure.
Pinocytotic vesicles Red blood cell in lumen Fenestrations (pores) Endothelial nucleus Intercellular cleft Basement membrane Tight junction Endothelial cell Fenestrated capillary. Large fenestrations (pores) increase permeability. Occurs in areas of active absorption or filtration (e.g., kidney, small intestine). © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
6
Figure 18.3c Capillary structure.
Endothelial cell Red blood cell in lumen Large intercellular cleft Tight junction Incomplete basement membrane Nucleus of endothelial cell Sinusoid capillary. Most permeable. Occurs in special locations (e.g., liver, bone marrow, spleen). © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
7
Chapter Opener 18 © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
8
Figure 18.4 Anatomy of a capillary bed.
Vascular shunt Precapillary sphincters Metarteriole Thoroughfare channel True capillaries Terminal arteriole Postcapillary venule Sphincters open—blood flows through true capillaries. Terminal arteriole Postcapillary venule Sphincters closed—blood flows through metarteriole – thoroughfare channel and bypasses true capillaries. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
9
Pulmonary blood vessels 12% Systemic arteries and arterioles 15%
Figure Relative proportion of blood volume throughout the cardiovascular system. Pulmonary blood vessels 12% Systemic arteries and arterioles 15% Heart 8% Capillaries 5% Systemic veins and venules 60% © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
10
Figure 18.7 The muscular pump.
Venous valve (open) Contracted skeletal muscle Venous valve (closed) Vein Direction of blood flow © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Similar presentations
