1. Working with refrigerants After studying this chapter, you will be able to Purge system with nitrogen. Pressurize system for leak detection Describe different methods of leak detection. Explain use of vacuum pumps and evacuation procedures Understand procedures for charging systems with refrigerant. Explain recovery and recycle procedures

2. INERT GASES NITROGEN (N) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2),meaning they do not support combustion. They are high pressure gases used to purge the system while brazing, or pressurize the system for leak detection

3. Pressure Regulator

15. Basic Refrigeration Charging method System charging is adding the proper quantity of refrigerant to refrigeration system so that it operates as intended. Some systems can handle a wider variation of charge size in particular, those with liquid receivers. Direct expansion systems with small condensers and capillary tube expansion devices tend to be very sensitive to refrigerant mass and are said to be Critically charged. In all cases, the system data plate should contain useful information Charging a refrigeration system depends upon: - Type and size of the system - Available equipment - Requiring accuracy

16. Method of charging 1. Volumetric charging by graduated cylinder 2. Charging by weight 3. Charging by sight glass 4. Charging according to system performance 5. Electronic charging 6. Vapor refrigerant charging 7. Liquid refrigerant charging

17. Method of charging Charging according to system performance This done by monitoring the suction pressure, discharge pressure, evaporator superheat and liquid subcooling out of the condenser Thermometers are tightly attached to the liquid line and suction line then refrigerant is the gradually added into the system and the pressures and temperatures monitored. As the estimated suction and discharge pressures are approached, and the design subcooling and superheat values are achieved, a suitable charge is achieved. There is a delay between adding refrigerant and the resulting performance being achieved there for these performance should achieved for some time to insure that the reading are more or less constant

18. Method of charging Electronic charging machines During larger scale manufacturing, equipment tends to be charged using electronically controlled charging machines. These generally measure refrigerant into system using precise mass flow meters, and are generally accurate to ±0.5gr