1. Bellringer 09/29/2014 How may human activities affect marine ecosystems?

2. Bellringer 09/29/2014 How may human activities affect marine ecosystems? Runoff may carry oil or gas from roadways and fertilizer from fields into gulfs and oceans. Overharvesting causes fish populations to be removed faster than they can reproduce. Artificial reefs can provide a habitat or location for food and protection from predators for marine life.

3. TEST REVIEW TEK 8.11C Short Term and Long Term Environmental Change Test Corrections Procedures - Complete Test Correction Page(s) - Use Complete Thoughts & Sentences - Demonstrate YOU KNOW WHY THE CORRECT ANSWER is CORRECT!!! ALL CORRECTIONS DUE WEDNESDAY 10/1/2014

4. 8.11D - Recognize human dependence on ocean systems and explain how human activities such as runoff, artificial reefs, or use of resources have modified theses systems.

5. Human Dependence and Modification 2 Major Systems: Ocean currents Ocean food webs

6. Human Modifications Run Off and Pollution - Phosphorus/Nitrogen Too much fertilizer used in farming Too much algae growth - Harmful Algal Blooms “Red Tides”

8. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eozVMJCYHCM STORMWATER RUN OFF

9. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=XxNqzAHGXvs

10. Over-fishing - Harvesting a fish population to a point of diminishing returns Disrupts the food web May cause organisms to migrate to other areas Human Modifications http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6nwZUkBeas

11. What shark finning looks like http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= U0qkr2cIe5c What would happen if sharks disappeared? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yzlq XMateRE

12. OVERFISHING What happens if sharks disappear? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yzlqXMateRE

13. Shark Fins

14. Human Modifications Artificial Reefs human-made underwater structure, typically built for the purpose of promoting marine life Texas Clipper

15. Artificial Reefs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ofyD1gldbg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q97IAUHICjo Texas Clipper Sinking Video

17. Human Dependence We depend on the ocean for: 1.Oxygen! Phytoplankton contribute 70-80% of the oxygen to Earth’s atmosphere.

18. Human Dependence We depend on the ocean for: 2.Weather The oceans absorb a lot of energy from the sun. Warmer water = more evaporation = more rain Cooler water = less evaporation = less rain

19. Human Dependence We depend on the ocean for: 3.Food Seafood provides a lot of world’s protein. 4.Transportation most of the worlds goods are transported by ship 5.Recreation Many countries main source of income is through ocean tourism

24. October 2, 2013 What is the result in the relationship between mussels as the zebra mussel invades Texas lakes?

26. Ocean Impact Education Post Pre-AP You will be creating educational posters for the school halls. 1.These posters will use photos, drawings, diagrams, and text to explain a human impact to the ocean. 2.Choose from runoff pollution, invasive species, or overharvesting. Explain it to someone who has never heard of it before. 3.What is the problem, and how have humans caused it? What are some consequences? 4.The posters will also explain how this impact can be reduced, and what students can do to help. 5.Due Friday. We will work on it for a short amount of time tomorrow and Thursday.

27. Ocean Systems Human Depend Upon Oxygen Production Coral Reefs Mangrove Swamps Estuaries Currents Wind Patterns Evaporation & Precipitation Marine Life Storage & Exchange of Gases (N & CO2) Sea Ice Seasonal Weather Patterns

28. Ocean Currents

29. Mangrove Swamps Biodiversity Biodiversity Produce seafood, fruits, medicines, fiber, and wood. Stabilize shores by trapping sediments and building land. Improve water quality by filtering runoff and polluted waters. Protect the climate by absorbing carbon dioxide and reducing the amount of greenhouse gas.

30. Estuaries – where freshwater streams and rivers flow into ocean Biodiversity Recreational Fishing Shellfish Breeding Grounds Protection from Flood Waters Filter Runoff Environmental, Commercial, and Recreational Benefits

31. Human Impacts on Ocean Systems Coastal Development Aquaculture (fisheries) Commercial & Recreational Fishing Burning of Fossil Fuels Deforestation Introduction of Invasive Species Agricultural Waste and Pollution Oil Spills Trash Pollution Urban Runoff via Storm Drains Raw Sewage Pollution Industrial Pollution

32. Consequences Extreme Storms Dead Zones Ocean Acidification Human Displacement Collapsed Fisheries Habitat Destruction Change in Precipitation & Weather Patterns Disrupted Gas Storage and Exchange Human Health Issues Extinction and Loss of Biodiversity Siltation Garbage Patches