1. Economy of Europe

2. Countries as ranked by per capita GDP
Luxembourg
Sweden

3. Countries as ranked by per capita GDP
Luxembourg
Major producer and exporter of steel until 1960s.
Banking and financial services now the most important economic activity.
Highest per capita GDP in the world. ($81,800)
The European Investment Bank
An old steel mill in Luxumbourg

5. Countries as ranked by per capita GDP
Switzerland
Secure and secret banking.
Highly skilled workforce.
Known for precision made tools, machines, electronics.
Tourism.

6. Countries as ranked by per capita GDP
Sweden
Timber, hydropower, iron ore major natural resources.
Highly skilled workforce.
Ranked highest in world on “business creativity.”
Export-based economy.
The Swedish company Saab makes jet engines and hot cars.

7. Polders in the Netherlands Land reclaimed from the sea

9. Polders in the Netherlands

10. Polders in the Netherlands

11. Polders in the Netherlands

12. Polders in the Netherlands

13. Polders are used for agriculture.

14. Polders are used for agriculture.

15. Polders are used for agriculture.

16. Polders are used for agriculture.

17. Polders in the Netherlands

18. The climate of France is ideal for agriculture
The climate of France is ideal for agriculture. (Marine west coast climate = plenty of rain.)

19. French farmers are known for using advanced techniques
French farmers are known for using advanced techniques. (mixed farming, crop rotation)

20. Sunflowers in France

21. Sunflowers in France

22. Vinyards in France

23. Dairy & beef cattle in France

24. A golden wheat field in France.

25. Lavender is grown in France.

26. Acid Rain: Results of unchecked industrial emissions
Air pollution and destruction of forests.

27. Acid Rain has damaged many historical statues and buildings.

28. Areas threatened by air and water pollution:. Germany (Black Forest)
Areas threatened by air and water pollution: Germany (Black Forest) Venice, Italy Rhine, Danube, and Seine Rivers

29. Venice is suffering from severe water pollution and it is sinking into the Adriatic.

30. Venice is suffering from severe water pollution and it is sinking into the Adriatic.

31. Boats are part of everyday life in Venice, Italy.
Police boat
Postal boat
Hearse boat
Construction boat

32. Venice is suffering from severe water pollution and it is sinking into the Adriatic.32

33. Venice, Italy: beautiful but polluted.33

34. The Chunnel A tunnel under the English Channel
A tunnel boring machine.

35. From Dover England to Calais France
The 31.4 mile long tunnel unites Britain with continental Europe.

36. The Chunnel
There are two train tunnels and a service tunnel.

37. The tunnel is in the layer of rock under the sea.

38. High speed trains move people and goods from Britain to France

39. High speed trains move people and goods from Britain to France

40. Mountain Regions: Tourism, recreation(skiing), and mineral resources.

41. Rivers and canals serve as major transportation links.

42. Oil reserves in the North Sea.

43. Economic Characteristics of European Nations
Well-educated workforce
Industrial and technological societies
High-tech agriculture
Well-developed infrastructure
Fertile soils

44. Demographics of Developed Countries: 1. High Per Capita GDP 2
Demographics of Developed Countries: 1. High Per Capita GDP 2. High Life Expectancy 3. Low Population Growth Rate 4. Low Infant Mortality 5. Low % of population under the age of High Literacy Rate

45. Large role of governments in the economy: Socialism
Sweden and Denmark

46. Sweden

47. Differences in Western vs. Eastern European economic development

48. Differences in Western vs. Eastern European economic development
Due to the failure of communist economic systems
Communism is now being replaced with capitalism in eastern Europe
Eastern European economies still lag behind.

49. Eastern European countries are making a transition from a communist system to a capitalist economy. Example: Poland

50. More about Poland

51. Black, fertile soil that produces high crop yields.
Chernozem
Black, fertile soil that produces high crop yields.

52. The European Union An attempt to rebuild Europe economically through cooperation rather than competition.
* Lower trade barriers, free borders, etc. * A political/economic force * A “United States of Europe.”

53. The European Union

54. The European Union
The Strasbourg Parliament meets in Germany.

55. The European Union
The European Court of Justice in Luxembourg is the highest authority on E.U. laws.

56. The European Union
The Euro is the common currency of all E.U. nations.

57. The European Union Currently the European Union is under stress.
The economies of Greece and Spain have been damaged by excessive government spending.
Other countries – such as Germany – will need to “bail them out.”