1. Women and Islam

2. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: What is the role of women and Islam? WHY: to understand the relationship between Islam and socio-cultural interpretations of it 1.Jigsaw Poster: Finish with partners 2.Class Notes 3.Women Wear Hijabs for a Day 4.Malala HW: Due Thursday 2/26 Questions and Summary completed on class Cornell Notes sheet

3. Poster Directions 1. Create a poster that responds to 4 of the following class QFT questions: What was the influence of Muhammad in the equality of women? Why do Muslim women wear the headscarf? Do countries have more/less equality for women in society? (all kinds of jobs, freedoms, education, etc.) What rights/laws do women have to follow and how have they changed over the years? How has the interpretation of the Qur’an changed over time? 2. With your partner, review your notes from our class jigsaw on women and Islam before the break. 3. Your poster must include: The questions Your summary response to each question A visual for each topic

4. Islam’s Historical Impact on Women Islam raised the status of women by: banning female infanticide abolishing women’s status as property allowing women to keep control of their property allowing women to keep their maiden names For many years, Muslim societies were patriarchal and men interpreted the Quran. Scholars say this led to some interpretations that favored men.

5. What does the Qur’an say? Most scholars today say the Quran declares men and women are equal in the eyes of God. The Quran (9:71-72) says: “The Believers, men and women, are protectors of one another; they enjoin what is just, and forbid what is evil; they observe regular prayers, pay zakat and obey God and His Messenger. On them will God pour mercy: for God is exalted in Power, Wise. God has promised to Believers, men and women, gardens under which rivers flow, to dwell therein.”

6. What kinds of roles did women play in early Islam? Women: fought in battles and treated the wounded were consulted about who should succeed Muhammad when he died contributed to the collection and compilation of the Quran prayed with men in mosques owned and sold property

7. Why does Islam separate men and women? In some Muslim societies, men and women are separated in public places (Saudi Arabia, Iran, Afghanistan) In other places (i.e. Egypt, Tunisia), men and women study and work together. Different interpretations of the Quran: Some see God as instructing women to remain “secluded” so as not to tempt men. Others see God instructing Muslims to be modest in their dress and having unmarried men and women limit their interactions to professional and educational settings.

8. Education Women with postsecondary educations: Iran – 52% Egypt – 34% Saudi Arabia – 32% Turkey – 77% In some countries much lower Morocco – 8% Pakistan – 13% Comparable to Brazil – 4% Czech Republic – 11% Malala Interview http://thedailyshow.cc.com/videos/ a335nz/malala-yousafzai http://thedailyshow.cc.com/videos/ a335nz/malala-yousafzai

9. Women’s Rights and Western Culture Women polled expressed positive attitudes about women’s legal status in the West and said that this should be the case for them. However few wanted to adopt “Western values”. They see a clear distinction between these two. Men and even more women polled say they resent the West’s perceived promiscuity, pornography and indecent dress. Bottom line: “While Muslim women admire much about the West, they do not favor a wholesale cultural transplant.” (Esposito 110)

10. Why do Muslim women wear veils and long garments? This is a paradox because it's seen also as sometimes a symbol of oppression and sometimes a symbol of liberation. “I think the head covering as a form of oppression comes to the end of whether or not a person or a collective of people in one cultural context has the right to choose.” Amina Wadud, Professor of Islamic studies at Virginia Commonwealth University http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/02/02/women-wear-hijabs-for-a-day- buzzfeed_n_6594206.html

11. Women and Jobs Majorities of men in virtually every country surveyed, including 62% in Saudi Arabia, 73% in Iran and 81% in Indonesia agree that women should be allowed to work at any job for which they are qualified.

12. Ticket Out Question It