1. Italian Sonnet First 8 lines
Created by Giacomo da Lentini, but made famous by Francesco Petraca
Consists of 14 lines
Divided into two parts (without a line break)
Octave
First 8 lines
Rhyme scheme (regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem or stanza. To indicate rhyme scheme, each final sound is assigned a letter) abba abba
Purpose is to raise question, state a problem, or present a brief narrative
Sestet
Last 6 lines
Rhyme scheme cde cde or some combination of cd cd ee
Purpose is to answer the question, solves to problem, or comment on the narrative

2. English (Shakespearean) Sonnet
Created by Sir Thomas Wyatt and Earl of Surry, but used with great mastery by William Shakespeare
Consists of 14 lines (without line breaks)
Divided into 4 parts
Three quatrains (one quatrain consists of four lines)
Problem or premise is presented in first 12 lines
Couplet (consists of a pair of rhyming lines)
solution or conclusion in the last 2 lines
Rhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef gg

3. Sonnets Breaking News-NPR
Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets, likely composed over an extended period from 1592 to 1598.
In 1609 Thomas Thorpe published Shakespeare's sonnets, no doubt without the author's permission, in quarto format, along with Shakespeare's long poem, The Passionate Pilgrim. The sonnets were dedicated to a W. H., whose identity remains a mystery, although William Herbert, the Earl of Pembroke, is frequently suggested because Shakespeare's First Folio (1623) was also dedicated to him.

4. Shakespearean Sonnets
1609 Quarto only source of most 152 Shakespearean Sonnets.
There are 3 categories of poems in this Quarto:
1-126 are addressed to The Fair Youth
are addressed to The Dark Mistress
A Lover’s Complaint a 329 line poem written in Rhyme Royal (a-b-a-b-b-c-c)

5. Shakespeare’s Addressees
The Fair Youth (sonnets 1-126)
An unnamed young man
Written in loving and romantic language
The Dark Lady (sonnets )
Given this name because of she is described as being dark haired
The sonnets written about her express infatuation and are more sexual in nature

6. Themes in the Sonnets
Although love is the overarching theme of the sonnets, there are three specific underlying themes: (1) the brevity of life, (2) the transience of beauty, and (3) the trappings of desire.
Mabillard, Amanda. How to Analyze a Shakespearean Sonnet. Shakespeare Online. 20 Nov (date when you accessed the information) < >.

7. Understanding the Rhythm
Shakespeare’s sonnets are written predominantly in a meter called iambic pentameter, a rhyme scheme in which each sonnet line consists of ten syllables.
The syllables are divided into five pairs called iambs or iambic feet. An iamb is a metrical unit made up of one unstressed syllable followed by one stressed syllable.

8. An example of an iamb would be good BYE
An example of an iamb would be good BYE. A line of iambic pentameter flows like this:
baBOOM / baBOOM / baBOOM / baBOOM / baBOOM.
This is 10 syllables, with a unstressed and then stressed pattern(grouped into five units)

9. Here are some examples from the sonnets:
When I / do COUNT / the CLOCK / that TELLS / the TIME (Sonnet 12)
Shall I / com PARE/ thee TO / a SUM / mer’s DAY? Thou ART / more LOVE / ly AND / more TEM / per ATE (Sonnet 18)

10. Plays vs. Sonnets
Plays: Shakespeare’s plays are written primarily in iambic pentameter, but the lines are unrhymed and not grouped into stanzas. Unrhymed iambic pentameter is called blank verse.

11. Plays vs. Sonnets Sonnet Structure
There are fourteen lines in a Shakespearean sonnet.
The first twelve lines are divided into three quatrains with four lines each.
In the three quatrains the poet establishes a theme or problem and then (first 12 lines)
resolves it in the final two lines, called the couplet.

12. Pattern of the Poem The rhyme scheme of the quatrains is-
abab cdcd efef
The couplet has the rhyme scheme – gg

13. Types of Sonnets
This sonnet structure is commonly called the English sonnet or the Shakespearean sonnet, to distinguish it from the Italian Petrarchan sonnet form which has two parts: a rhyming octave (abbaabba) and a rhyming sestet (cdcdcd). The Petrarchan sonnet style was extremely popular with Elizabethan sonneteers, much to Shakespeare's disdain (he mocks the conventional and excessive Petrarchan style in Sonnet 130).

14. Types of Sonnets
Only three of Shakespeare's 154 sonnets do not conform to this structure: Sonnet 99, which has 15 lines; Sonnet 126, which has 12 lines; and Sonnet 145, which is written in iambic tetrameter.
Mabillard, Amanda. Shakespearean Sonnet Basics: Iambic Pentameter and the English Sonnet Style. Shakespeare Online. 20 Aug (date when you accessed the information) < >.

15. SONNET 18 one of his most famous
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd; But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest: So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this and this gives life to thee.

16. Pick a Sonnet Pick a sonnet Label unstressed and stressed syllables
Label the rhyme pattern or rhyme scheme
Create a paraphrase of each line
Create an analysis- explain all and any figurative language and why he was saying what he said.
EX:
Theme
Symbolism
Alliteration
Allusions
Irony

17. Directions Pick 1 Sonnet (4 choices)
Get out your own paper, fold it in half
Write the sonnet to one side of your paper skipping lines
Write down the meaning of each line on the opposite side of the paper- use the dictionary if you need
Label the
-iambic pentameter
-unstressed and stressed syllables
-end rhyme scheme (abab…)

18. R&J Writing Prompt: 1 page at least, yes--back and front
Explain your definition of love and hate.
What situations call for such extreme emotion, and which one are you more apt to ‘do’?
Do you feel one can fall in love and out of love?
Can you therefore fall in and out of hate?
Do you have any personal connections to these two words
What are your feelings on how do we use these words?