1. Alcohol Overdose

2. In Memory of Salvador Lopez

3. Mechanisms of alcohol poisoning Alcohol depresses nerves that control involuntary actions such as breathing, the heart beat, and the gag reflex (prevents choking). Alcohol depresses nerves that control involuntary actions such as breathing, the heart beat, and the gag reflex (prevents choking). A fatal dose of alcohol will eventually stop these functions. A fatal dose of alcohol will eventually stop these functions. After the victim stops drinking, the heart keeps beating, and alcohol in the stomach continues to enter the bloodstream and circulate throughout the body. After the victim stops drinking, the heart keeps beating, and alcohol in the stomach continues to enter the bloodstream and circulate throughout the body.

4. As a result, the following can happen: Victim chokes on own vomit Victim chokes on own vomit Breathing slows, becomes irregular, stops Breathing slows, becomes irregular, stops Heart beats irregularly or stops Heart beats irregularly or stops Hypothermia (low body temperature) leads to cardiac arrest Hypothermia (low body temperature) leads to cardiac arrest Hypoglycemia (too little blood sugar) leads to seizures Hypoglycemia (too little blood sugar) leads to seizures

5. Even if the victim lives, AOD can lead to irreversible brain damage. Rapid binge drinking (which often happens on a bet or a dare) is especially dangerous because the victim can ingest a fatal dose before becoming unconscious. Even if the victim lives, AOD can lead to irreversible brain damage. Rapid binge drinking (which often happens on a bet or a dare) is especially dangerous because the victim can ingest a fatal dose before becoming unconscious.

6. Critical signs for alcohol poisoning: Mental confusion, stupor, coma, or person cannot be roused Mental confusion, stupor, coma, or person cannot be roused No response to pinching the skin No response to pinching the skin Vomiting while sleeping Vomiting while sleeping Seizures Seizures Slow breathing (less than 8 breaths per minute) Slow breathing (less than 8 breaths per minute) Irregular breathing (10 seconds or more between breaths) Irregular breathing (10 seconds or more between breaths) Hypothermia (low body temperature), bluish skin color, paleness Hypothermia (low body temperature), bluish skin color, paleness

7. Many people try different methods to reverse the effects of alcohol to become sober. Most of these methods are myths, and they don’t work. Many people try different methods to reverse the effects of alcohol to become sober. Most of these methods are myths, and they don’t work. Some common myths: Some common myths: Drinking black coffee Drinking black coffee Taking a cold bath or shower Taking a cold bath or shower Sleeping it off Sleeping it off Walking it off Walking it off

8. If you suspect that someone may have ingested a fatal dose of alcohol, help is required immediately: If you suspect that someone may have ingested a fatal dose of alcohol, help is required immediately: Call 911 or the emergency medical number. Call 911 or the emergency medical number. Stay with the victim. Stay with the victim. Keep the victim from choking on vomit. Keep the victim from choking on vomit. Tell emergency medical technicians the symptoms and, if you know, how much alcohol the victim drank. Prompt action may save the life of a friend, or your own. Tell emergency medical technicians the symptoms and, if you know, how much alcohol the victim drank. Prompt action may save the life of a friend, or your own.

9. Bystanders (friends, parents, strangers) have a responsibility: Know the danger signals Do not wait for all symptoms to be present. Know the danger signals Do not wait for all symptoms to be present. Be aware that a person who has passed out may die. Be aware that a person who has passed out may die. If there is any suspicion of AOD, call 911 or the emergency number for help. Don’t try to guess the level of drunkenness. If there is any suspicion of AOD, call 911 or the emergency number for help. Don’t try to guess the level of drunkenness.

10. Each Year 500,000 college students are injured while under the influence of alcohol; 500,000 college students are injured while under the influence of alcohol; 600,000 are assaulted; 600,000 are assaulted; 70,000 are the victims of sexual assault; 70,000 are the victims of sexual assault; 400,000 had unsafe sex; 400,000 had unsafe sex; 25 percent have academic problems; 25 percent have academic problems; and 150,000 have alcohol-related health problems or tried to commit suicide. and 150,000 have alcohol-related health problems or tried to commit suicide.

11. Binge Drinking University students have a reputation for engaging in binge drinking, especially in the USA University students have a reputation for engaging in binge drinking, especially in the USA participants include university athletes, fraternities, and sororities, particularly after final examinations, varsity wins and during spring break. participants include university athletes, fraternities, and sororities, particularly after final examinations, varsity wins and during spring break. Some common reasons for this propensity for binge drinking is that many university students are living on their own for the first time, free of parental supervision, and among peers -- especially those of the opposite sex. Some common reasons for this propensity for binge drinking is that many university students are living on their own for the first time, free of parental supervision, and among peers -- especially those of the opposite sex.

12. AOD (alcohol overdose) estimated 4,000 deaths occur each year from alcohol overdosing: drinking too much alcohol too fast estimated 4,000 deaths occur each year from alcohol overdosing: drinking too much alcohol too fast Teenagers and Young adults are particularly vulnerable to AOD. Teenagers and Young adults are particularly vulnerable to AOD. At least half were first-time drinkers and had never been drunk before. At least half were first-time drinkers and had never been drunk before. Many were put to bed by friends or their own parents to “sleep it off,” only to be found dead in the morning. Many were put to bed by friends or their own parents to “sleep it off,” only to be found dead in the morning. Their friends or parents didn’t know that if a person drinks too much alcohol quickly before falling asleep, the alcohol will shut down breathing and heart functions and kill a person within a few hours. Their friends or parents didn’t know that if a person drinks too much alcohol quickly before falling asleep, the alcohol will shut down breathing and heart functions and kill a person within a few hours.

13. Please remember this presentation and pass the information along to others. Please remember this presentation and pass the information along to others. Together we can prevent Alcohol Overdose Together we can prevent Alcohol Overdose Thank you for listening Thank you for listening