1. ART AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE MIDDLE AGES

2. ROMANESQUE STYLE Truly began c. 1000 Sprang up all over western Europe at the same time…regional differences in style Reflected the triumph of Christianity everywhere in Europe Growing spirit of religious enthusiasm Increased pilgrimage traffic to sacred sites Revival of trade, commerce and manufacturing Growth of city life

3. The Romanesque arch

4. Church plans and parts

5. Nave of the cathedral in Pisa

6. How did they build the arches and vaults? Wooden centering allowed the masons to install the voussoirs and key stone, then take it down and move on to the next arch

7. ELEMENTS OF ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE Ste. Madeleine, Vézelay round, roman arches square squatty towers dark interiors scary sculpture

8. The Last Judgment…tympanum of Cathedral of St. Lazare, Autun

9. Other examples of Romanesque style… Speyer Cathedral Germany Begun 1080

10. Italian Romanesque…Pisa

11. GOTHIC STYLE Began about 1150 in the Île de France Most often applied to architecture The age of great cathedrals By 1400, regional differences gave way to a homogeneous “International Gothic” style

12. What are the elements of a Gothic cathedral? Soaring spaces Flying buttresses Pointed arches Stained glass windows Sculpture that told stories Oriented on an East/West axis Generally cruciform in shape

13. The Gothic arch

14. Flying Buttresses…held up the walls… Buttresses at Chartres

15. Chartres 1194-1220

17. GARGOYLES…THE HOLY TERRORS… What was their purpose??

18. Great Gothic Cathedrals…

19. Notre Dame, Paris…begun 1163

21. West façade, Nôtre Dame

22. Reims Cathedral c. 1225-1299…French kings were crowned here

23. The golden age of stained glass

24. One of the great rose windows…and famous Chartres blue

25. Modern example of a rose window at St. John the Divine, NYC

26. St. Patrick’s Cathedral Fifth Avenue New York City 1858-1878 James Renwick Case, architect