1. Indoor Environmental Quality is becoming increasingly important in all kinds of buildings – (build photos) hospitals, schools, laboratories, sports arenas, commercial buildings – virtually any public facility that shelters people and uses energy.
Ingenuity IEQ is all about ingenious solutions for indoor environmental quality (build type: Ingenuity IEQ, then Ingenious Solutions for Indoor Environmental Quality)

2. Update Review of Laboratory Airflow Control System
The Phoenix Controls SYSTEM
Innovations in critical environmental control
Energy savings applications
Saving Energy at The Ohio State University
A working laboratory?

3. Laboratory Ventilation
But before we begin our discussion, let’s review the objectives of laboratory control. There are four primary objectives of any laboratory control system. Generally, the first one that comes to mind when we think about labs is fume hood capture and containment. This is definitely the most glamorous of issues in labs as evidenced by the many articles and videos that exist on the topic.
Room pressurization is another critical control objective. Typically, labs are intended to be negative to their surroundings and we want them to stay that way without interruption.
Minimum ventilation is a safety issue that is not as glamorous as fume hood control, but it is equally important for laboratory user health.
Temperature control is important for the maintenance of a productive working environment, but may also be needed for experiment integrity.
We want to keep these issues in mind as we discuss any laboratory control system and be sure that any controls we use meet these requirements.

4. Laboratory Ventilation Key Issues
Safety ! Fume hood containment
Room pressurization
Speed of response to changes in airflow demand or static pressure
Air Change Rates
Temperature Control
Energy Conservation
But before we begin our discussion, let’s review the objectives of laboratory control. There are four primary objectives of any laboratory control system. Generally, the first one that comes to mind when we think about labs is fume hood capture and containment. This is definitely the most glamorous of issues in labs as evidenced by the many articles and videos that exist on the topic.
Room pressurization is another critical control objective. Typically, labs are intended to be negative to their surroundings and we want them to stay that way without interruption.
Minimum ventilation is a safety issue that is not as glamorous as fume hood control, but it is equally important for laboratory user health.
Temperature control is important for the maintenance of a productive working environment, but may also be needed for experiment integrity.
We want to keep these issues in mind as we discuss any laboratory control system and be sure that any controls we use meet these requirements.

5. Accel® II Venturi Valve
Integrates over 30 years of development and experience and with over 200 improvements
Specially-designed conical diffuser
Inlet/Outlet insensitivity
Reduced low frequency noise
Wide turndown range (up to 20:1)
Precise repeatable positioning
No routine maintenance
Made in the USA
Pneumatic and electric actuators available
High speed for critical applications
“Normal” speed for health care and flow tracking applications
Major valve body geometry change (first since it’s invention) that improves air transition path.
Specially designed conical diffuser that helps minimize turbulence and allows for smoother transitions
What does it do?
An 8 to 15 dB typical noise reduction over the previous generation valve.
Significantly quieter than any VAV damper on the market.
Need for expensive, bulky silencers is eliminated!
Other improvements:
Increase turndown range - Now up to 20:1
No maintenance means nothing is required at the valve level, it does not eliminate the responsibility to recertify the hoods periodically.

6. The Phoenix Controls Legacy “We Don’t Measure Flow”
Flow Metering vs. Flow Measuring
Flow measuring has a limited range of operation.
Flow measuring requires long, straight duct runs (not available in most applications).
Flow measuring is prone to inaccuracies due to the caustic nature of laboratory exhaust air
Flow measuring has inherent time lags due to airflow dynamics
Flow measuring requires periodic maintenance

7. Factory Calibration Drastically Reduces Commissioning Time
Can be pre-commissioned before supply and exhaust air is connected
No sensors to set up or flows to adjust
No routine maintenance requirements

8. Factory Calibration

9. Pressure Independence

10. What Sets Us Apart Speed of Response SPEED NO
No Straight Ductwork Requirements
Pressure Independence
Ability to Accurately Control at Low Flows
No Regular Maintenance Requirements

11. Speed of Response

12. No Straight Duct Runs

13. Intersystem Stability

14. What Sets Us Apart No Routine Maintenance Requirements
System continues safe operation
System continues to save energy
Drastically reduces maintenance cost
Saves Money
Energy Costs
Maintenance Costs

15. Traditional Applications
Laboratories
One second speed of response
Accuracy and turndown
Dynamic fume hood face velocity control
Accurate room pressurization
No routine maintenance requirements
Interface to building management system
Vivariums

16. Valve Enhancements
Shutoff Valve

17. Shut‐off Valve Low‐ or high‐speed electric Single and dual valves
Available in all classes: A, B and C
Target market is vivarium spaces with low speed tracking pairs..
In the interest of time to market we developed this on:
low speed electric actuation platform
10 inch single and dual valves.
We think this This will satisfy the min requirements 99% of these spaces.
We designed for coated valves to give us application flexibility- it was not required for Hydrogen Peroxide but we think there may be other opportunities which we’ll cover later.
Celeris is the future of this company and we have invested this product in it.
However, for the analog aficionados there’s no reason why this cannot operate as a stand alone network on an analog job.

18. Applications Developed for VHP gaseous decontamination
Other opportunities
HVAC isolation
Canopies
Biosafety cabinet shut‐down while unoccupied
Teaching hoods
Primarily for gaseous decontamination

19. Low‐leakage Shut‐off Valve
Offered with the standard control features expected from Phoenix Controls
Zone balance, active pressure, emergency, etc.
Maintains quality and precision expected in a Phoenix Controls valve
Self‐balancing, pressure‐independent operation
±5% accuracy across full range

20. Applications for Low-Leakage Shut-Off Valve
Biocontainment
Biocontainment spaces
BSL‐3 and ABSL‐3 labs
Higher‐demand vivariums
Life Science
Support vivarium BSC spaces

21. Shut‐off Leakage (L) < 0.005 CFM—10‐inch valve!
Static Pressure (Pascal)
< CFM—10‐inch valve!
Static Pressure (in WC)

22. Cone Assembly Pressed‐fit to cone assembly Gasket material
Class A: Neoprene
Class B and C: Viton

23. Benefits of Low-Leakage Shut-Off Valve
Lower‐cost alternative to an isolation or bubble‐tight blade damper
Provides a "peace of mind" alternative
Supports the future decontamination or isolation needs

24. More Valve Enhancements
14‐inch Valve

25. Applications Meets industry need for higher airflow
Open space life science labs
Physical and engineering science labs
Operation rooms and surgical suites
Large chemistry labs
Base platform for our low‑pressure offering
200 – 2500 cfm
Single, dual, quad available

26. Active Pressure Monitor

27. Active Pressure Monitor
True differential pressure sensor
Multiple pressure ranges available
Accurate to "
Audible alarm and mute button
Adjustable alarm delay 0‐30 seconds
Reversible pressure alarms (vivariums)
Air valve flow switch alarm indication
Form C (SPDT) alarm relay
Analog output 4‐20 mA or 0‐10 volts

28. Traccel/Theris System
System Enhancements
Traccel/Theris System

29. Airflow
Why traditional VAV controls don’t work:

30. Overview One valve controller with surplus I/O
Standard actuator for VAV temperature control
Flow tracking with volumetric offset
Superior room pressurization and directional airflow control
We completely eliminated the controller on the exhaust valve. The Traccel Room Controller gets a feedback signal from a potentiometer on each valve (in contrast, two VAV tracking boxes—there is no pneumatic tubing to run between the valves, only wiring, so this reduces the installed cost). As the room temperature rises, the supply valve opens and the controller maintains a volumetric offset between the two valves by controlling their actuators. The reason why we can do this is because we don’t measure flow in the field in the traditional sense (next slide)…

31. Traccel/Theris Room Controller‐TP
We think this is a better solution. You are getting Phoenix performance at VAV terminal pricing:
The valves are our standard valve solution with plus or minus 5% accuracy. We have a single valve controller mounted on the supply valve and we are doing VAV temperature control with the flow tracking function taking place at the supply valve. Let’s take a closer look at that and how we streamlined the architecture.

32. Traccel Tiers Traccel‐TP Traccel‐SO Traccel‐TX Tracking pair
Open space lab
Support alcoves
Support FH alcoves
Lab office
Conference room
Support alcoves
Tracking pair
Temp control
Room pressure control
Isolation mode
Shut‐off optional
Optional Add 2 UI
Humidity control
Pressure monitoring
Supply‐only
Ducted exhaust
No ability to track exhaust
Traccel‐TX
HVAC isolation
Decontamination
BSC isolation

33. Solution: Pressure‐Independent Venturi
Zero maintenance
Typical $50/hr for HVAC technicians
Flow sensors one hour per box
Opportunity costs!
Potential energy savings
Use high turndowns to optimize ventilation rates
Example: Decrease airflow by 25 CFM/terminal unit, 8 hours/day
25 CFM x $7.50 x 8/24 hrs X = $62/box/year
Cost of incorrect pressurization
Annual cost to health care industry ~$5 billion
Research integrity

34. Traccel‐TP Multiple Temp Zones
Client Benefits
Tracking pair VAV ensures directional airflow
Occupancy control
Room temperature control
HVAC emergency modes
Additional TRIAC for floating‐point reheat
Flexible I/O—14 per I/O
Humidity control (UI4)
Shut‐off capability
Traccel controllers working together to maintain accurate pressure control

35. Traccel‐TX BSC Alcove Benefits
Tracking pair VAV ensures directional airflow
Occupancy control
Room temperature control
HVAC emergency modes
Additional TRIAC for floating‐point reheat
Flexible I/O–14 per I/O
Humidity control (UI4)
Shut‐off capability
Flexibility to accommodate decontamination in the future or shut‐down when not in use

36. Traccel/Theris LonMark® Certified – BACnet Interface
No flow sensors to maintain
True pressure‐independence
High turndown ratios save energy
Factory characterized valves reduces commissioning time
Flexibility to more easily handle space reconfigurations

37. Energy Saving Products and Applications
What does One (1) CFM of “Single Pass” Air cost to heat and cool at The Ohio State University?
Patterns over the past 5 years.
Trends in the costs of energy. Customer visits over the past 2 years have all had one common thread. Engineers, end-users and reps have all been looking for ways to save and/or reduce energy consumption in new buildings as well as existing.

38. U.S. Short-term Energy Outlook
U.S. Energy Nominal Prices for Industrial Sectors
Electricity (end use prices)
4.7 cents per/KW/Hr (1994)
4.9 cents per/kW/Hr (2002)
6.5 cents per/kW/Hr (2008)
EIA data -

39. U.S. Short-term Energy Outlook
U.S. Energy Nominal Prices for Industrial Sectors
Natural gas (end use prices)
$3.75 per/MCF (1994)
$4.02 per/MCF (2002)
$8.65 per/MCF (2008)
MCF = Thousand Cubic Feet
EIA data–

40. Laboratory Operating Costs
Utility rates = cost of CFM
Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory’s "Laboratory Fume Hood Energy Model"
Phoenix Controls LabPro™ software
Calculate $/CFM
Annual cost per CFM to condition and move 100% exhaust air
LBNL data–

41. What Can Be Done?
6 energy saving trends in Laboratory Airflow Controls
Usage Based Controls®
Fume hood decommissioning
Energy waste alert
Unoccupied settings
IAQ control ventilation

42. Proven Energy Saving Concepts

43. Usage Based Controls®
We are going to talk about a laboratory control method that allows us to maintain safety while providing the lowest first system costs and minimizing the continuing operating costs for the lab. This control method is known as Usage Based Controls, or UBC.

44. Lab Usage Patterns Usage Based Controls 24‐hour operation
100% outside air (no recirculation)
Hood occupancy in short segments
Total hood usage typically one hour per day and independent
Sash management varies widely

45. Usage Based Controls Zone Presence Sensor®
Available since the mid‐1990’s
One ZPS® per 8' hood
Can be used in series for wider hoods
Field programmable via a USB port
Detection zone
Setback times and values
Lighting adjustments
Motion sensitivity

46. Usage Based Controls

47. Building Energy Costs Sample
UBC
Control Method
CFM
Energy Costs
Savings CV
100,000
$750,000 $0
VAV
59,000
$442,500
$307,500
UBC
42,600
$319,500
$430,500
If all sashes are left open:
67,200
$504,000
$246,000
Annual cost per CFM = $7.50

48. Sample Building Energy Costs
UBC

49. Fume Hood Decommissioning

50. Concept Fume Hood Decommissioning
Ability to reduce or turn off fume hood exhaust when not in use
Potential for huge energy savings
Teaching labs or hoods rarely used
Buildings not occupied
Understaffed research facilities
Valve options
Valve minimum (i.e., 90 CFM)
Shut‐off Valves (i.e., 0‐5 CFM)

51. Function and Operation
Fume Hood Decommissioning
Can be initiated by:
Fume Hood Monitor
Button sequence
External key switch
BMS command
Ensures safety
Sash must be fully closed to initiate mode
Mode is automatically exited if sash is opened

52. Additional Product Info
FHD
Features
Annunciated at FHM with "OFF" displayed
Reportable point to BMS
Allowed under current guidelines/standards
NFPA 45
ANSI/AIHA Z9.5
Patent pending

53. Energy Waste Alert

54. Concept and Operation Energy Waste Alert
Notification when sash is left open and lab lights are off
Features
Light sensor incorporated in monitor
Provides audible alarm
Displays "EnrG" on monitor
Reminder to close the sashes at night

55. Unoccupied Settings

56. Unoccupied Settings Celeris®, Theris™ and Traccel® digital platforms
Lower ACH
Relaxed temperature control
Triggered locally or via BMS schedule
Retrofit existing analog systems

57. GEX Shut‐off

58. Function and Operation
GEX Shut-Off
Required exhaust flow must be sufficient to maintain room level offset
Must be maintained for at least 1 minute
Comes out of shut‐off when exhaust demand increases

59. IAQ Control

60. Two Ventilation Concepts
IAQ Control
Air change rates
Reduce minimum ACH when air is "clean"
Drive to higher ACH when contamination is detected

61. Lab Application: Next Generation VAV Control
Lab Multi-parameter DCV: Dynamic control of min. ACH
Now all three factors affecting lab airflow can be varied
Significantly cuts energy & first cost, while enhancing safety
Constant
6-12 ACH ACH*
Significant energy waste
VAV
VAV
VAV
Ventilation rate (cfm)
Hoods
2- 4 ACH 6-8 ACH*
*vivariums
Thermal Load
ACH / Dilution Requirement

62. Function and Operation
IAQ Control
Input from OptiNet® system to Laboratory Airflow Control System.
Applications in laboratories, vivariums, classroom buildings throughout campus
Significant Retrofit Opportunities

63. A New Approach: OptiNet Multiplexed Facility Monitoring
OptiNet routes multiplexed air samples to central sensors
Integrated into BMS for monitoring & control
Web Based User Interface
Room 101
Room 102
AHU 2 -1
Sensor Suite
BMS

64. OptiNet: A Facility Wide Sensing Infrastructure
Customer Analysis
3rd Party Analysis
BMS Monitoring
Space Airflow Controller
High Quality Sensors

65. Sensed Parameters Air Cleanliness Comfort &Ventilation
Total Volatile Organic Compounds
Includes ammonia
Particles – laser based particle counter
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Comfort &Ventilation
Temperature
Humidity or Dewpoint
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

66. Lab Monitoring Also Helps Ensure Lab Safety
Validates the safe operation of a lab
Detect improper bench use of chemicals
Detect poorly containing fume hoods
Spills & rogue reactions rapidly sensed
Check lab pressurization, T & RH
Validates safe IEQ room conditions for animals
Allows for safer lab airflow control
Increased hood capture from reduced drafts
Drops room flows when dilution not needed
Greater dilution provided for spills, leaks, etc.
12 to 15 ACH’s can be provided automatically
Sources of leaks & emissions can be found
With fact based data, source controls can be used

67. OptiNet Structured Cable
OptiNet Architecture
OptiNet Structured Cable
Air Data Router
Room Sensor
Carbon Dioxide
Chemicals/Odors
Particulates
Humidity/Dewpoint
Carbon Monoxide
Temperature (Local)
True Differential Sensing
Sensor Suite
Outdoor Air Probe
Air Packets are Routed then Sensed
Server
Vacuum Pump
Connectivity
Web Based User Interface

68. OptiNet Structured Cable
OptiNet Architecture
Extensive Graphing & Trending
OptiNet Structured Cable
Air Data Router
Room Sensor
Carbon Dioxide
Chemicals/Odors
Particulates
Humidity/Dewpoint
Carbon Monoxide
Temperature (Local)
True Differential Sensing
Sensor Suite
Outdoor Air Probe
Air Packets are Routed then Sensed
Server
Vacuum Pump
Connectivity
Web Based User Interface

69. OptiNet Structured Cable
OptiNet Architecture
Aircuity Advisor™ Reports
OptiNet Structured Cable
Air Data Router
Room Sensor
Carbon Dioxide
Chemicals/Odors
Particulates
Humidity/Dewpoint
Carbon Monoxide
Temperature (Local)
True Differential Sensing
Sensor Suite
Outdoor Air Probe
Air Packets are Routed then Sensed
Server
Vacuum Pump
Connectivity
Web Based User Interface

70. OptiNet Structured Cable
OptiNet Architecture
The OptiNet Advantage
Lower Installed Costs
Lower Operating Costs
Assured Energy Savings
Healthier Environment
OptiNet Structured Cable
Air Data Router
Room Sensor
Carbon Dioxide
Chemicals/Odors
Particulates
Humidity/Dewpoint
Carbon Monoxide
Temperature (Local)
True Differential Sensing
Sensor Suite
Outdoor Air Probe
Air Packets are Routed then Sensed
Server
Vacuum Pump
Connectivity
Web Based User Interface

71. Cost Effective LEED NC Points
Energy & Atmosphere: up to 4 pts.
EA - 1: Optimize energy: up to ~ 4+ pts.
IEQ potential: 3 pts.
EQ - 1 : Permanent CO2 / O.A. Monitoring
EQ - 3.2: Construction IAQ Mgmt Plan
EQ - 7.2: Permanent Comfort Monitoring
Innovation in Design potential: 2 pts.
IEQ monitoring point:
Exceeds EQ 1- CO2 Monitoring
Real time commissioning point:
Exceeds EA 3 – Additional Commissioning
Potential of up to 9 LEED NC points

72. Arizona State University, Biodesign-B Aircuity Pilot Project

73. ASU Biodesign-B Energy Savings w/ Aircuity

74. ASU Biodesign-B Energy Savings w/ Aircuity

75. What it all means…
Like most life-sciences labs, the airflows in Biodesign-B are primarily ventilation driven.
Most labs in Biodesign-B are over-ventilated
Average ventilation flows can be safely reduced by >50% when monitoring air cleanliness and responding to spills, etc.
There are HUGE energy savings with FAST payback!
Several other soft benefits too!
Safer hood operation
Quieter labs
Documented performance

76. BACnet Integration Via Macro or MicroServer Open Space Lab BSC Alcove
Office
Equip Alcove
BSC Alcove
Microscopy
Freezer Alcove
Open Space Lab

77. OSU Energy Initiative?
20% Energy Savings?

78. Constant Volume Design What Can Be Done?
Nothing
Constant Volume Fume Hood
Tracking Exhaust/Supply
Occupied/Unoccupied
Reset on Air Quality
Two Position fume Hood Control
Sash Switch
Usage Based Controls
Variable Volume Fume Hood Control
Constant Volume
Fume Hood
Supply Valve
CVV
Tracking
Exhaust
Valve T

79. New “Smart Fan” Control
Assures safe dilution and plume height
Reduces exhaust system horsepower
Significant Energy Savings

80. Integration Options

81. Aircuity Biodesign-B Pilot Original Financials
ASU avg. annual $/CFM: $ 5.14
Supply CFM reduction:
Occ CFM UnOcc CFM
Current 16,000 16,000
Proposed 5,200 5,200
Saved CFM ,800 (67%) ,800 (67%)
Year 1 energy savings: $55,300
Project price: $49,000
Payback period: < 11 months

82. A “Working” Laboratory
How Do you Define a “Working Lab?” 82

83. A “Working” Laboratory
What checkpoints are in place to assure that labs are working?
Are specifications being met?
What are the consequences?
What documentation of performance is required?
Who suffers if the specification is not met?

84. Laboratory Recommissioning
Documents laboratory performance
Fume hood face velocities
Lab pressurization
Energy Usage
Identifies Energy Savings Opportunities
Airflow reduction
Static pressure reduction
Other opportunities

85. Our Commitment Superior system performance
Local, factory certified technicians starting up each project
Full commissioning of each system
Airflow checked for each laboratory condition
We strive to make system “fail” instead of the easy route to pass.
Contractor Support
Three year warranty on all equipment
Project budget is maintained

86. Advantages of Working Directly
Ductwork can be laid out to minimize excess straight runs and reduce sound.
Full direct accountability to the owner and engineer
A “second set of eyes” on the project
Energy goals will be met
No excuses or costly change orders
System will perform as designed and work flawlessly

87. Vivarium Applications
FSR 87

88. Vivarium Applications
FSR
Air change rates determined quality of air
TVOCs including ammonia
Particulates
Significant savings
Capital Costs
Energy Savings
Space Flexibility
Many benefits to vivarium staff

89. Concept and Operation FSR
Phoenix to release an optional kit to be installed on a valve, then monitor the static drop across a valve continually
Value passed to BMS
BMS to monitor all readings to "low select"
BMS can reset fan static set point

90. Additional Product Info
FSR
Selection of best valves from plans is key
Phoenix to release as option
Either installed on valve
Sold as separate kit
Remember—a reduction in CFM will save far more energy than a reduction in static
(Refer to white paper, "What is the true cost of static pressure?"

91. Our Next Step?
Thank You