1. Groundwater

2. Water on Earth

4. Artesian and Non-flowing (pumping) Wells

5. Saturated and Unsaturated Zones

7. Gaining and Losing Streams

8. Darcy’s law THIS IS EASY!!!!! Discharge/Flow = (Hydraulic Conductivity x Area) x (Hydraulic Gradient) Hydraulic Conductivity x Area This is the ease at which fluids flow through the material. Coarser material is easiest Finer material is harder Hydraulic Gradient This is the pressure pushing the water The more pressure the steeper the surface the faster the flow.

9. Hydraulic Conductivity x Area “The ease at which fluids flow through the material” Coarser material is easiest Finer material is harder

10. Groundwater Flows From High to Low Areas (Hydraulic Gradient)

11. Hydraulic Gradient

12. Groundwater Flowlines

13. Darcy’s law THIS IS EASY!!!!! Discharge/Flow = (Hydraulic Conductivity x Area) x (Hydraulic Gradient) Hydraulic Conductivity x Area This is the ease at which fluids flow through the material. Coarser material is easiest Finer material is harder Hydraulic Gradient This is the pressure pushing the water The more pressure the steeper the surface the faster the flow.

14. Springs and Perched Water Tables

15. Spring-Arizona’s Marble Canyon

16. Hot Springs and Geysers

17. Geysers How They Work

20. Groundwater and Caves

21. Groundwater Withdrawal

22. Heavy Pumping of Groundwater

25. Groundwater Contamination