2. The Road to Revolution Salutary Neglect British Mercantilism British Economic Policies in the Colonies

3. Use your knowledge of the 13 colonies to answer the following questions for both photographs pictured below.What regions are they located in? Describe the geography of each photo and address the type of economy each region would have? 1 2

4. Which Region are they located? 1. #1 Southern, #2 New England 2. #1 New England, #2 Middle 3. #1 and 2 In New England

5. Salutary Neglect  British have left the colonies alone  British try to enforce laws and taxes after the French and Indian War without the consent of the colonies  British do not understand colonists are used to representative government  Colonies have formed own governments  Colonist are used to managing their own affairs with their elected representatives  “Taxation without representation”, colonist want to have a say in government through elected reps.

6. British Mercantilism  System were England controls colonial trade and taxes –Colonies provided raw materials for Britain –If colonies received imports the goods had to arrive on British Ships –Certain colonial goods were sold only to England, but not to other countries –Colonies were to serve as a market for English manufactured goods

7. Who benefits the most from Mercantilism? 1. Mother Country 2. Everybody 3. Only England 4. The Small Colonies

8. Navigation Acts 1650-1763  Restricted colonial trade, manufacturing and shipping to other countries  Colonists smuggle and disregard Acts  Salutary Neglect: Britain has allowed the colonies to prosper under their protection with little or no control

9. The Proclamation Line of 1763  Colonist felt that England was attempting to control them  England wants to avoid Indian trouble  Colonies were angered over idea that they must pay for cost of war and British troops now

10. Could the U.S. be successful without Taxes? 1. Yes 2. No

11. Sugar Act 1764  Tax placed on sugar and molasses because colonists are British subjects  Colonist protest and smuggle sugar and molasses

12. Should England be allowed to tax goods on the Colonies? 1. Strongly Agree 2. Agree 3. Disagree 4. Strongly Disagree

13. Would you feed and give a soldier/veteran a place to sleep in your Home? 1. Yes 2. No

14. Quartering Act 1765  Required colonies to provide British troops with quarters and supplies  Colonial assemblies vote to refuse to supply British soldiers

15. Which is the main problem the colonist have with the New Taxes? 1. Too High 2. Too Much control of their lives 3. No representation 4. Unfair to certain people/business.

16. Stamp Act 1765  Any item that was made of paper required a stamped tax payment to be made  Colonists argue “taxation with representation”, Stamp Act is repealed

17. What Was The Stamp Act? Taxed all legal, commercial and printed documents, as well as other printed material. Items would be stamped when the tax was paid. First direct tax placed on the colonies.

18. Actual Stamps There were a variety of stamps used. Stamps were put on newspapers, customs documents, licenses, college diplomas, and most legal documents. Offenders were to be tried in vice-admiralty courts without a jury.

19. Reactions by Colonists The colonists boycotted British goods and stores that sold them, lawyers or printers who used stamps or stamped paper. Many lawyers and printers refused to use stamps or stamped paper.

20. More Reactions In Massachusetts, rioters destroyed Andrew Oliver’s house, a new stamp commissioner. He quit the next day! There was also violence sparked by the Sons Of Liberty.

21. More Reactions There were even threats of tar and feathering. On November 1, 1765, the day the Stamp Act was to officially go into effect, there wasn’t a stamp commissioner left in the colonies to collect the tax. In Boston, a mob hung and then beheaded an effigy and “stamped” it into pieces. In New York, rioters ransacked a British officer’s house. The officer had said he “would cram the stamps down American throats at the point of his sword!”

22. “Taxation without Representation” Colonies had no representation in Parliament. Because of this they felt that they had no say in whether or not this act should be passed. Many legislators felt the colonists were being taxed unfairly - more than England itself.

23. Repeal Stamp Act ended on March. 18, 1766. Parliament passed the Declaratory Act to keep England on top.

24. Importance in American History United for a common cause, this response paved the way for the American Revolution. Set a pattern of colonial defiance. Mutual distrust had been established. Many young “patriots” began to take on leadership roles including, Patrick Henry, William Pitt, John Adams, and Samuel Adams. Philosophical differences remained on both sides.

25. Tar and Feathering

26. The Townshend Act, 1767 In 1767 Parliament tried a third tax on paper, glass, lead, painters’ colors, and tea Charles Townshend was the British financial official who sponsored this act One again the colonists proclaimed, “No taxation without representation!” The colonist boycotted, refused to buy, anything from Britain The boycott worked – the only tax was left on tea

27. Townshend Acts 1767 In 1767 Parliament tried a third tax on paper, glass, lead, painters’ colors, and tea Charles Townshend was the British financial official who sponsored this act One again the colonists proclaimed, “No taxation without representation!” The colonist boycotted, refused to buy, anything from Britain The boycott worked – the only tax was left on tea

28. Everything you buy has a tax on it except for food? Is this fair? 1. Yes 2. No

29. The Boston Massacre, 1770 Because they were worried by the colonists’ anger, in 1768 Parliament sent about 4,000 soldiers to Boston On March 5, 1770 a group of about 100 Bostonians threw rocks and snowballs at the soldiers Crispus Attucks, a black leader, and 4 other colonists were killed

30. The Boston Massacre ( March 5,1770 )

31. Tea Act 1773  Tax on tea, it is a plan to bail out East India Tea company through tax on tea  Boston Tea Party and smuggling of tea

32. Tea Act (1773) 8 British East India Co.:  Monopoly on Br. tea imports.  Many members of Parl. held shares.  Permitted the Co. to sell tea directly to cols. without col. middlemen (cheaper tea!) 8 North expected the cols. to eagerly choose the cheaper tea.

33. Boston Tea Party (1773)

34. The Coercive or Intolerable Acts (1774) Lord North 1. Port Bill 2. Government Act 4. Administration of Justice Act 3. New Quartering Act

35. Coercive Act 1, 1774 Angered by the Boston Tea Party, Great Britain’s Parliament passed four measures to punish the American colonists The Boston Port Bill stated that Boston Harbor would be closed until the colonists paid for the destroyed tea

36. Coercive Acts 2 & 3, 1774 The Administration of Justice Act said British soldiers committing crimes in the colonies, even murder, could not be tried in the American colonies The Quebec Act moved all the American colonies between the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers to Canadian control

37. Coercive Acts 4 & %, 1774 The Massachusetts Government Act put Massachusetts under the control of a British officer, General Thomas Gage, and permitted no town meetings without his approval An addition to the Quartering Act of 1765 stated that British troops could now occupy the homes of American colonists without the permission of the owner

38. Intolerable Acts 1774  Response to Tea Party, assembly and town meetings dissolved, port of Boston closed,and British tried in England  Militias form, colonies send representatives to 1st Continental Congress meets and starts colonial boycott

39. Quebec Act 1774  Prohibited colonists from moving into Ohio River Valley, Catholic religion in region  Colonists expected to settle into the region

40. First Continental Congress (1774) 55 delegates from 12 colonies Agenda  How to respond to the Coercive Acts & the Quebec Act? 1 vote per colony represented.

41. The British Are Coming... Paul Revere & William Dawes make their midnight ride to warn the Minutemen of approaching British soldiers.

42. Monarchy vs. Representative Government  In a monarchy the governing power lies with a king and those that he appoints to office  Parliament was the lawmaking body in England  Citizens elect their own representatives who will represent them in government  People create their government and have the right to make changes when they see fit (laws, elections)