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Decline of the Crusading Ideal The Fourth Crusade.

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Presentation on theme: "Decline of the Crusading Ideal The Fourth Crusade."— Presentation transcript:

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2 Decline of the Crusading Ideal The Fourth Crusade

3 Plan of the Crusaders  The 4 th Crusade was conceived only 4 years after the death of Richard the Lionheart, in 1201 by Innocent III  The plan was to attack the wealthy Muslim Empire of Egypt, then thrust northward towards Jerusalem  Like the 1 st crusade nobles were to organise and lead this expedition, no kings  However, Crusading had become rather expensive. They were forced to borrow enough money from the Venetians to pay for the crusade  Each crusader would then pay their share to cover costs

4 Plan of Venice  Venice was of course happy to take the crusaders money, but where they as happy to se the crusade succeed?  Venice did a lot of trade with Egypt  Trade that would vanish if the crusade was successful  So the leader of Venice, Enrico Dandolo, tricked the crusaders into ordering three times as many ships and supplies as they really needed  This meant the crusaders were now in debt to the Venetians.

5 Corruption of the Crusade  In order to pay off their debts the crusaders were happy to fight for Venice  They helped them collect some debts from the King of Hungary (A Christian King)  And…  They even agreed to help the young deposed Alexius regain his throne of Byzantium  Poor Alexius had seen his father blinded and imprisoned by his Uncle and his claim to the throne ignored, so he offered a lot of money to the crusaders for their help

6 Attack of Constantinople  Many crusaders felt uncomfortable with fighting for money, but it was the only way to clear their debt and return to the main job of invading Egypt  So they helped Alexius regain his throne  Then Alexius refused to pay them…  Angered the crusaders stormed the city and annexed Constantinople for themselves  Most of the cities great treasure went back to Venice

7 Decline of the Crusading Ideal  Not a single Muslim had died as a result of the 4 th crusade  Religion was now no longer as important as money and politics  The crusade had been used to fight Christians, this would set a precedent for future misuse of the crusading movement  There are other crusades to the Holy Lands after the 4 th, but the crusading ideal did not survive

8 Other Crusades  The 5 th crusade was launched in 1213, again by Innocent III. It attacked Egypt, and showed many signs of a renewed ideal, but unsuccessful  The 6 th crusade was an all French affair,but the King Louis IX was forced to surrender to the Egyptians  The Children’s crusade was a final nail in the coffin. A 12 year old shepherd boy from France had a vision of a crusade of children freeing Jerusalem.  Almost 20 000 children aged 10-12 attempted the journey to Jerusalem, but most were sold into slavery


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