1. W AVEFRONT C HARACTERIZATION C AMPAIGN AT P ARANAL D ECEMBER 2007 Using DIMM-MASS-GSM-MOSP-LuSci & SCIDAR ESO/LUAN/IAC/CTIO Joint effort 1 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

2. T HE GOALS OF THE CAMPAIGN ELT-DS (EU-FP6) funds Understand the properties of the optical turbulence at ELT scales (which model for L0?) Understand the transition from free air to telescope enclosure Cross-correlate various instruments used in site surveys, establish confidence levels 2 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

3. Instruments’ baselines or diameters 2m GSM MOSP SCIDAR LUSCI MASS DIMM 8m AO WFS: NACO Interferometry: AMBER Kolmogorov / von Kàrmànvon Kàrmàn?? Nice & ESOESO & ONERA ESO Spatial scales s at which turbulence is probed by different instruments 3 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

4. MASS-DIMM (C N 2 (h),  0,  0 ) LUSCI (C N 2 (h)) SCIDAR (C N 2 (h),v(h),  0,  0,  0 ) MOSP ( L 0 (h), C N 2 (h),  0 ) DIMM (  0,  0 ) GSM (  0, L 0,  0,  0 ) NACO (  0, L 0,  0 ) AMBER (OPD,  0, L 0 ) CN2 : structure constant L0 : outer scale V : wind speed ε 0 : seeing θ 0 : isoplanatic angle τ 0 : coherence time 4 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

5. C ORRECTION FROM GROUND (6 M ) TO ELT (50-100 M ) Seeing conditions are monitored at lower height above ground Direct measurement of the surface layer turbulence properties in the first 100m Indirect estimations: UT-DIMM comparison MASS-DIMM comparison SLODAR-MASS-DIMM comparison LuSci-MASS-DIMM-GSM comparison 50-100m DIMMUTELT 6m 30m ? Symposium on seeing, Kona March 2007 - - Slide 5

6. N E Cute-SCIDAR location at Paranal The Paranal Astronomical Site Monitor is located on the platform, in a zone diametrically opposite to the Control Building, just behind the VST. The C UTE -SCIDAR@AT4 is located on the platform, in VLTI J2 Station. WHERE? 6 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

7. Cute-SCIDAR at Paranal (AT4 focus) for E-ELT Site Characterisation (Vázquez Ramió et al; The Messenger 132 – June 2008) INSTRUMENT COMMISSIONED IN NOVEMBER 2007 Data collected during 20 nights between November and December 2007 December acquisitions included in the Navidad Campaign 7 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

8. Meteo, DIMM, GSM and MOSP, MASS and LuSci 8 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

9. DIMM, GSM and MOSP 9 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008 SCIDAR----- 

10. Synchronous acquisitions 10 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

11. GSM and MOSP GSM and MOSP (Borgnino & al, this conference)…& nearby buildings 11 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

12. LUSCI - J. Beckers, 1993 & this conference - P. Hickson, 2004 & this conference - A. Tokovinin SPIE 7013, 2008 12 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

13. MASS-DIMM MASS-DIMM on C11 tube and ASTELCO mount 13 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

14. T URBULENCE PROFILES FROM MASS The altitude weighting functions of MASS and SCIDAR are of different physical nature 14 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

15. Cute-SCIDAR@AT4 on VLTI J2 Station  300 m vertical resolution  layers sensed between the ground (pupil) and  22.5 km above pupil (about 78 layers sensed each  25 seconds)  C n 2 for each layer (GL + FA)  Isoplanatic Angle 15 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

16. SCIDAR SCIDAR real time analysis and first post-processing Real time turbulence evolution including and excluding dome turbulence (see Fuensalida et al. 2008, MNRAS, 389, 731) Direct correlation with Seeing from other Profilers or Monitors, wind speed and wind direction Recombination of the turbulence profile in a “MASS-like” structure for immediate comparison 16 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

17. R ESULTS 2007-12-17 17 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

18. R ESULTS 2007-12-18 18 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

19. R ESULTS 2007-12-19 19 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

20. R ESULTS 2007-12-20 20 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

21. R ESULTS 2007-12-21 21 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

22. R ESULTS 2007-12-22 22 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

23. R ESULTS 2007-12-23 23 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

24. R ESULTS 2007-12-24 24 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

25. MASS vs Cute-SCIDAR “MASS-like” structure: X-Comparison 25 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008  300 m vertical resolution  layers sensed between the ground (pupil) and  22.5 km above pupil (about 78 layers sensed each  25 seconds)  C n 2 for each layer (GL + FA)  Isoplanatic Angle

26. MASS vs Cute-SCIDAR “MASS-like” structure: X-Comparison 26 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008

27. MASS vs Cute-SCIDAR “MASS-like” structure: X-Comparison  clocks from the two instruments are synchronized within few seconds  data are 1 minute averages in one night  Cute-SCIDAR averages are synchronized no more than ± 30 sec with respect to MASS data 27 FOROT-Sardenia 15-18 September 2008 more work needed!!!