2.  To passively agree to something to which there are no apparent consequences  Example: Gender Conformity  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a71h6LZKXTc&f eature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a71h6LZKXTc&f eature=related

3.  When there is an emergency, the more bystanders there are the less likely we are to help  Example: Homeless man needed medical attention http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YZpBgZ4WgjE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YZpBgZ4WgjE  Famous Case: Murder of Kitty Genovese (1960)

4.  If we make a commitment we feel bound to follow through, for fear of social rejection  Makes it more difficult to change our minds  Example: Milgram Obedience Study  Participants felt obligated to continue shocking the ‘students’ even though they did not want to – were told they were obligated to participate

5.  When we talk to others, we tend to subconsciously change our style of speech (accent, rate, words etc.) towards the style used by the listener  To build rapport (relationship) and seek approval  Example – people who live in England but do not have a British accent, tend to speak with a mild accent after a period of time – and they use the slang/language that the local people use – in order to fit in

6.  Group cohesion is more important than speaking up to avoid conflict  Occurs when a group makes faulty decisions because group pressures lead to a deterioration of mental competence, reality, and moral judgment  Groups affected by groupthink ignore alternatives and tend to take irrational actions that dehumanize other groups.  Example: Launch of Space Shuttle Challenger (1986) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j4JOjcDFtBE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j4JOjcDFtBE  Determined to have a successful launch to regain public support for their program, officials ignored engineering reports that the O-rings installed to protect the rocket motors might not be safe. The spacecraft broke apart 73 seconds into its flight, leading to the deaths of its seven crew members.

7.  Under scrutiny, we intentionally try to influence the impression others have of us  Ex. Job interview – dress appropriately, careful language etc.  Other Enhancement: To make others feel good through flattery

8.  When unsure how to behave we copy others behaviours  Assume others know what they are doing  Example: Solomon Ashe Conformity Experiment

9.  The more we see others behaving in a certain way or making particular decisions, the more we feel obliged to follow suit  The forces are strongest when we care most about respect and love from others in the group  Example: Cult Behaviour

10.  Assume nothing is wrong as no one seems concerned  Adopting norms, even if you do not agree with them,  Part of the individual sacrifice that people accept as a price of group membership  Research: Smoke filled room study  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KE5YwN4NW5o http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KE5YwN4NW5o

11.  Common social norm where if someone helps you in any way, then you are obliged to return the favor  Research: Christmas Card Study  http://www.acrwebsite.org/volumes/display.asp?id =11096 http://www.acrwebsite.org/volumes/display.asp?id =11096

12.  People will fall rapidly into the expectations they have about the roles they take even if it goes against their values or morals  Research: Stanford Prison Experiment

13.  People will be unwilling to publicly express their opinion if they believe they are in the minority  But are more vocal if they are part of the majority  Works because we fear social rejection