1. Chapter 9 (continued) Fermentation

2. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 ATP 8 NADH 2FADH 2 O 2 32-34 ATP water glycolysis citric Acid cycle oxidative phosphorylation

3. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 ATP 8 NADH 2FADH 2 O 2 32-34 ATP water glycolysis citric Acid cycle oxidative phosphorylation What if there’s no oxygen?

4. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 ATP 8 NADH 2FADH 2 O 2 32-34 ATP water glycolysis citric Acid cycle oxidative phosphorylation Then there’s nowhere for the ETC to dump its electrons.

5. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 ATP 8 NADH 2FADH 2 O 2 32-34 ATP water glycolysis citric Acid cycle oxidative phosphorylation So there’s nowhere for NADH and FADH 2 to unload.

6. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 ATP 8 NADH 2FADH 2 O 2 32-34 ATP water glycolysis citric Acid cycle oxidative phosphorylation So the citric acid cycle stops.

7. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate glycolysis But wait! It gets even worse!

8. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 NAD + glycolysis You can’t make NADH without a steady supply of NAD+.

9. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 NAD + glycolysis NADH has nowhere to dump its electrons.

10. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 NAD + glycolysis So we stop making more.

11. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 NAD + glycolysis So even glycolysis stops.

12. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 NAD + glycolysis Is there no hope?

13. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 NAD + glycolysis There is! There’s something else we can do.

14. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 NAD + glycolysis We can use the NADH…

15. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 NAD + glycolysis 2 ethanol or 2 lactate We can use the NADH… to turn pyruvate into ethanol or lactate.

16. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 NAD + glycolysis 2 ethanol or 2 lactate That way, at least we get to keep the 2 ATP.

17. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 NAD + 2 ATP 8 NADH 2FADH 2 O 2 32-34 ATP water glycolysis citric acid cycle oxidative phosphorylation It’s not much, but it’s better than nothing. 2 ethanol or 2 lactate.