1. ANHB 2212 – 2008 Avinash Bharadwaj
The Pelvis
ANHB 2212 – 2008
Avinash Bharadwaj

2. Bony Pelvis
Hip bones
Sacrum
Joints and ligaments

3. Hip Bone

4. Ligaments Sacrospinous Sacrotuberous Notches  Foramina
Other ligaments

5. The walls Pelvis as a container Muscles Vessels and nerves Piriformis
Obturator muscles
(Internus/externus)
Membrane
Vessels and nerves

6. The Floor
Pelvic diaphragm
Pubis  sacrum (coccyx)
Obturator fascia

7. The Floor Pelvic diaphragm Perineum Levator ani Coccygeus (ischio-)
Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus
Coccygeus (ischio-)
Perineum
Urogenital region
…diaphragm
Anal region

8. Urogenital Region Male urethra Penis Comparable female structures
Corpus spongiosum and corpora cavernosa
Muscles
Comparable female structures

9. The Pelvis – “True” and “False”
Iliac fossae
The pelvic brim
Pelvic cavity

10. Contents Urinary system Repoductive system Digestive system
Bladder and urethra
Repoductive system
Male / female
Digestive system
Rectum – anal canal
Peritoneum…

11. Urinary Bladder Muscular wall Reservoir Sphincters
Internal – smooth
External – urogenital diaphragm - skeletal
Variation in size, shape and location…
Empty – Tetrahedral, Pelvis
Full – ovoid, partly abdominal

12. Urogenital Organs - Male
Prostate
Seminal vesicles
Ductus deferens

13. Female Reproductive Organs
Uterus
Fundus, body, cervix
Vagina
Angles
Fornix
Ovary and the tube

14. Female Reproductive Organs
Uterus
Fundus, body, cervix
Non-pregnant
Pelvic
Pregnant
Pelvic  12 weeks
Abdominal
20 weeks – umbilicus
36 weeks - xiphisternum

15. Female Reproductive Organs
Ovaries
Descent
Stops in the pelvis
Ligaments
Round ligament
Ovarian artery
From aorta

16. Female Reproductive Organs
Uterine tubes
Parts
Also note
Ovarian artery
Uterine artery
Ligaments

17. Rectum and Anal Canal The junction Developmental correlation
Venous anastomoses
Nerves and lymphatics
Mucosa and sphincters
Internal sphincter – smooth muscle
External sphincter - skeletal

18. Rectum and Anal Canal Lower part Ectodermal Systemic veins
“Modified skin”

19. The Pelvis – Birth Canal
Is it adequate?
How do we know?
Sexual dimorphism
Variations and types

20. Pelvic Dimensions
Inlet
Midcavity
Outlet
A-P
Transverse
Oblique

21. Types of Female Pelvis Gynaecoid Android Antrhopoid Platypelloid
Abnormalities