1. Confidentiality ……Sshh….! Confidentiality issues and problems for interpreters and translators Sue Leschen at Professionalisation vs. Deprofessionalisation Conference Opatija, Croatia 2015

3. Confidentiality Sue Leschen Member of ITI and NRPSI Professional Conduct Committees Member of APCI Committee Freelance legal and commercial French Interpreter and Translator Independent CPD Trainer – legal terminology and other topics of professional interest

4. Confidentiality Definitions? Wikipedia definition says: “Confidentiality is a set of rules or a promise that limits access or places restrictions on certain types of information”

5. Confidentiality Definitions in Professional Codes of Conduct? None in ITI or CIOL Codes! References though to “confidential” information in ITI and CIOL Codes ITI Code refers to “privileged” information”

6. Confidentiality

7. Confidentiality CIOL Code of Conduct Clause 3.13 says: Members must respect confidentiality at all times Members must not take advantage of information acquired due to the job NB: Duty of confidentiality does not end when the job ends

8. Confidentiality CIOL Code of Conduct Clause 3.14 states: The duty of confidentiality does not apply when the Law requires disclosure Clause 4.3 states: Members shall use best endeavours to ensure confidentiality is observed by others such as our checkers, revisers, editors and other freelance colleagues or sub - contractors

9. Confidentiality Clause 4.4 of the CIOL Code of Conduct states: Members’ “consultations” regarding any “difficulties” re language or terminology must remain confidential What does this mean?

10. Confidentiality ITI Code of Professional Conduct Clause 4.1 re professional values: Members to treat any privileged information and/ or confidential information as …confidential

11. Confidentiality Principle 3 of the ITI Code entitled “Client confidentiality and trust” requires: Complete confidentiality at all times “Privileged information” not to be communicated by members to third parties without prior authority; any other persons “assisting” members not to communicate it either No gain to be derived from “privileged information”

12. Confidentiality Clause 1.3 of ITI’s Principle 3 also states: No member must disclose “privileged information” about other members But, what does “privileged information” mean? Solicitor – client “legal privilege” – does this bind Interpreters too?

13. Confidentiality Emails: confidentiality disclaimers If not for intended recipient: Delete and destroy Do not copy Do not distribute Do not disclose

14. CONFIDENTIALITY To whom is duty owed? To the client? To the client’s client? To members of a professional organisation? To anyone bound by a Non Disclosure Agreement?

15. Confidentiality To what does the duty apply? Business data and practices of the client? And those of the client’s client? All interpreted words and figures All translated words and figures

16. Confidentiality Which places does the duty of confidentiality apply to? Any venue that we work in: Our home office Our external co – shared office Other work venues; police stations, courts, conference halls and hotels Venues we pass through to and from work: airports, train stations, trains and planes

17. Confidentiality The mysterious case of the stolen laptop! Facts of the case highlight need for: Secure storage of laptops and USB sticks Insurance of laptop and of any information stored on it Remote tracking devices Caution if laptops taken out of a secure area

18. Confidentiality Client requires us to destroy confidential information on completion of assignment Should we, shouldn’t we? Comebacks and/ or complaints in the future? But - what if “evidence” which supports us has been destroyed by us – what do we do then?

19. Confidentiality Non Disclosure Agreements (NDA) Not to disclose: payment information and/ or other arrangements Information only for use on the job Not to gain commercial advantage Not to disclose information to third party

20. Confidentiality Official Secrets Act 1911 Sensitive information linked to State secrets Life-long duty; Clause 3.13 of CIOL Code says confidentiality may last after the job has ended and / or even after cessation of CIOL membership Alex Manfunchak case

21. Confidentiality Data Protection Act 1988 Controls use of information about you Keep only information which is fair, lawful, adequate, relevant, accurate and not excessive Safe and secure; only as long as necessary Not outside of the UK if not protected Right to obtain copies; exceptions apply

22. Confidentiality Exceptions to the duty of confidentiality? Reasonable grounds for belief that abuse of: Children Elderly Or perhaps that Client will kill himself and/ or others

23. Confidentiality The age and experience (or otherwise) of the individual will dictate how to approach a disclosure of potential or actual abuse An adult may verbally disclose abuse; a child may exhibit behaviour which suggests abuse eg non – verbal clues Victims of abuse may only tell us about the abuse if we promise absolute confidentiality – we can’t

24. Confidentiality Are some breaches of confidentiality less serious than others – consider these 2 scenarios Interpreters in Court Hearings; public hearings and private (in camera) hearings? Translators and their clients’ competitors; references to clients and/ or to their products and/ or services?

25. Confidentiality How long should the duty last? Months? Years? For ever? In accordance with any Terms and Conditions? * Restraint of trade clauses

26. Confidentiality Penalties and/ or sanctions for breach of duty of confidentiality? Professional organisations; warn, suspend, expel Language Service Provider may invoke financial penalties etc

27. Confidentiality Best Practice Scenarios Interpreter - advance disclosure by Court of paperwork? Translator – subcontracting of translation and proof reading?

28. Confidentiality Thanks for listening – now let’s have a discussion! Any more questions or points that you want to raise about confidentiality – this is your chance to speak up – unless it is confidential! Go for it!