1. Abridged Genetic Engineering Pathway (Original “A” Sequence)

2. Recombinant Plasmid pARA-R

3. Restriction Analysis of pARA-R Restriction fragments after digest with HindIII and BamHI 807 bp BamHIHindIII BamHIHindIII 4,495 bp pBAD ori ampR araC

4. Restriction analysis of pARA-R (cont.) Prediction for restriction gel MR+R– 500 1000 1500 2000 3000 4000 5000 8000 10000 MR+R– Bruce Wallace Results for restriction gel Confirmation of Restriction

5. Add calcium chloride Heat shock Preparation of Competent Cells

6. Recombinant Plasmids Competent Cells pARA-R Transformation of E. coli with pARA-R

7. Calcium ions pARA-R Adhesion zone Lipid bilayer (inner) Lipid bilayer (outer) Peptidoglycan layer Transformation of E. coli with pARA-R

8. Growth and Selection of Transformed Bacteria P+ plates P– plates LBLB/ampLB/amp/ara LBLB/amp No growth

9. Colony isolation and culture LB/amp/ara broth Overnight Culture of E. coli for rfp Expression

10. RFP Production araC protein arabinose araC generfp geneP BAD arabinose – araC protein complex RNA polymerase Arabinose – araC protein complex prevents DNA looping and helps to align RNA polymerase on the promoter site (P BAD ). mRNA Transcription Translation RFP (red fluorescent protein)

11. RFP Purification Overnight culture Cell pellet with RFP Lysed cells Pellet cell debris RFP with binding buffer

12. Three-dimensional Shape of RFP