1. Physical Geography and Economic Activities

2. Southeast Asia: The Mainland Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Laos Laos is landlocked (surrounded on all sides by land). Terrain is characterized by mountains, rivers, river deltas, and plains Climate includes tropical and mild The monsoon creates a dry and rainy season

3. Southeast Asia: Physical Features of the Mainland Rivers that begin in the mountains provide sources for drinking water, transportation, and irrigation The river deltas create dense population centers Rivers create rich deposits of sediment (material eroded from rock that is transported elsewhere by wind, water & ice) that settle along central plains

4. Southeast Asia: Major Cities on the Mainland Myanmar: Yangon (Rangoon), Mandalay Thailand: Bangkok Vietnam: Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon) Cambodia: Phnom Penh

5. Southeast Asia: Living on the Islands AKA Maritime Southeast Asia Nations are on islands are made up of island groups. Nations include Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore, Brunei, East Timor, Malaysia Islands are characterized by volcanic mountains (dormant and active)

6. Southeast Asia: Natural Resources & Economic Activities Fertile soils allows bountiful rice and tea fields in the plains Climate in some areas provides for year round farming; Economic Activities Subsistence farming and fishing in rural areas Commercial Fishing Mineral resources include petroleum, tin, and gems

7. Australia & Oceania: Physical Features Mountains, volcanoes (dormant and active), archipelagos, basins, beaches, and plateaus. Coral Reefs Great Barrier Reef- the largest coral reefs in the world, located along Australia’s northeast coast The Outback Uluru (Ayer’s Rock)- world’s largest monolith (single massive stone or rock)

8. The Coolest Thing Miss A. Has Ever Seen… Ayer’s Rock (Uluru) in the Rain

9. Australia & Oceania: Physical Features Antarctica is the world’s coldest region. It contains mountains and ice caps. 98% of Antarctica is covered in ice It contains 70% of the world’s fresh water

10. Australia & Oceania: Living in the Region The region is made up of Australia, New Zealand, and island nations of the Pacific Ocean. Australia settlement is mostly along coastal areas. Due to an arid climate and lack of fertile soil, population in center of continent is low. Commercial farming is located along the eastern and western coastal areas.

11. Australia & Oceania: Living in the Region New Zealand North Island- most of population is located here due to climate South Island Pacific Islands sparsely populated. Antarctica Scientist Research stations.

12. SE Asia, Australia & Oceania: Invasive Species Non-native species that adversely affect the habitats they invade. SE Asia: Golden Apple Snail, Water Lettuce, Brown Rat Australia: St. John’s Wort, Red Fire Ant, White Snail