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Published byFrederica Summers Modified over 9 years ago
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THE 1920s: AN UNSETTLED DECADE
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What are some of the things our country will have to do to adjust to Postwar life?
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THE TRANSITION TO PEACE Demobilization ▪ Process of returning to peacetime status 4.5 million soldiers returned Women in the workforce Businesses begin layoffs Prices/Unemployment rose Wages fell Caused a recession: slowdown of economic activity
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Economy gets worse Strikes to increase pay 1919 – more than 3600 Seattle, WA 60,000 workers strike Mayor calls it an attempted revolution ▪ 2,500 Deputized police and state militia called in ▪ Shoot anyone causing problems ▪ After 5 days it ended: no demands met
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Pittsburgh, 250,000 Steelworkers Better pay, conditions, and 8 hr. workday Company accused strikers of being Anti- American radicals Hired scabs and armed guards Jan. 1920, 20 workers were killed Union called off strike
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Boston Police Strike 19 officers fired Looting and violence due to less police working 2 died/ 9 wounded Gov. Coolidge used State Militia New hires given better wages/hours
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Communists = Reds Communists defined society as a struggle between two classes 1. Workers 2. Bourgeoisie Strikers seen as Reds or..
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U.S. leaders fearful that American way of life was being threatened by: Communists Socialists Anarchists
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Newspapers: Strikers were Reds fault Reds are everywhere Several Bombings across the country U.S. Attorney General Mitchell Palmer’s house was attacked RESULTED IN THE PALMER RAIDSPALMER RAIDS
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January 1920 Raided different organizations 30 different cities 6000 arrested Deported hundreds of immigrants Xenophobia Fear of outsiders (foreigners)
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Sacco and Vanzetti Italian Immigrants charged with robbing shoe factory and murdering two people Anarchists Found guilty and sentenced to death Evidence not conclusive Evidence not conclusive
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American Civil Liberties Union Helped protest Sacco/Venzetti trial Didn’t win
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African Americans targeted Caused by economic tensions Many moved North to fill Industrial jobs Chicago, Ill ▪ Fights on the beach led to a riot ▪ 40 killed, hundreds injured 70 black men lynched in 1919
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