1. Red Scare! In September 1945, a cipher clerk named Igor Gouzenko from the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa defected In September 1945, a cipher clerk named Igor Gouzenko from the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa defected He carried with him files that described, in detail, the extent of Soviet spying in North America He carried with him files that described, in detail, the extent of Soviet spying in North America Igor Gouzenko

2. The Gouzenko affair caused tremendous consternation in the United States and Canada The Gouzenko affair caused tremendous consternation in the United States and Canada His defection led to a significant number of charges against Canadians and Americans for spying on their own country His defection led to a significant number of charges against Canadians and Americans for spying on their own country Many felt that the Soviet spying extended even deeper, into the heart of government Many felt that the Soviet spying extended even deeper, into the heart of government

3. In 1949 the Soviets exploded their first nuclear bomb and it became clear that they were only able to advance that quickly due to spying activities In 1949 the Soviets exploded their first nuclear bomb and it became clear that they were only able to advance that quickly due to spying activities The American FBI launched a hunt for ‘Atomic spies’ The American FBI launched a hunt for ‘Atomic spies’ The First Soviet A-bomb test Ted Hall, youngest scientist on the Manhattan project, and a source of key Soviet information

4. In many ways the hunt for the Atomic Spies was a witch hunt that saw several people convicted based on slanted or questionable evidence In many ways the hunt for the Atomic Spies was a witch hunt that saw several people convicted based on slanted or questionable evidence The desire to see someone punished led to the execution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, they were convicted of aiding an enemy of the United States (the USSR) See Video Clip The desire to see someone punished led to the execution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, they were convicted of aiding an enemy of the United States (the USSR) See Video Clip The real Atomic spy turned out to be Klaus Fuchs a physicist who worked on the Manhattan project, he lived to tell the tale The real Atomic spy turned out to be Klaus Fuchs a physicist who worked on the Manhattan project, he lived to tell the tale

5. An American Senator (Joe McCarthy) was so convinced that Soviet spies were everywhere that he began a hunt for suspected spies and collaborators An American Senator (Joe McCarthy) was so convinced that Soviet spies were everywhere that he began a hunt for suspected spies and collaborators 1947 Comic Book Part of the scare

6. He created the Committee on Un- American activities, this committee called hundreds of people and branded many of them as Communist sympathizers He created the Committee on Un- American activities, this committee called hundreds of people and branded many of them as Communist sympathizers Many people were unfairly tarnished with the taint of being a Soviet spy, some committed suicide, many had their lives ruined, not one spy was ever found Many people were unfairly tarnished with the taint of being a Soviet spy, some committed suicide, many had their lives ruined, not one spy was ever found Charles Chaplin, Actor J. Robert Oppenheimer, Physicist Lee Grant, actress Paul Robeson

7. Spy Games Throughout the Cold War there was significant action between the superpowers spy agencies the CIA & KGB Throughout the Cold War there was significant action between the superpowers spy agencies the CIA & KGB In many cases their actions played a role in keeping the tensions between the two countries high In many cases their actions played a role in keeping the tensions between the two countries high The British suffered a tremendous blow when it was revealed that three of the top officials in MI-5 were actually Soviet spies The British suffered a tremendous blow when it was revealed that three of the top officials in MI-5 were actually Soviet spies