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Samuel de Champlain The Father of New France
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Biography BornAbout 1567 in Brouage, France Died December 25, 1635 in Quebec, Canada Nationality French OccupationExplorer, navigator, cartographer Wife Helene Boulle (married in 1610)
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Early Career Joined the French Army at age 20 Fought in the war between the Protestants and the Catholics Fought on the Catholic side Served in the army until 1598
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Early Travels 1599 – 1601 Commander of the Saint Julien Visited West Indies, Mexico, and Panama Wrote a book about voyages Proposed construction of a canal across Isthmus of Panama
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First North American Voyage 1603 Observer and royal geographer on the Bonne- Renommee′ (The Good Fame) Explorations St. Lawrence River from rapids above Montreal to Quebec Created map of St. Lawrence River One of the first Europeans to see Niagara Falls Returned to France on September 20, 1603 Wrote a book about his travels
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Second North American Voyage 1604 – 1607 Purpose of voyage Establish a settlement Develop fur trade Find a Northwest Passage Explorations Settlement on Island of St. Croix – moved to Port Royal Atlantic Coast from Nova Scotia to Cape Cod Made maps of Atlantic coast
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Third North American Voyage 1608 Commander of Le Don de Dieu (The Gift of God) Purpose of the voyage to establish a fur-trading post Founded first permanent settlement in Canada July 3, 1608 Named Quebec – named by Indians Only 9 of 29 men survived the first winter
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Champlain and the Native Americans Friendship with the Algonquin and Huron Indians Indians promised to help with fur trade Indians served as guides through parts of Canada Champlain offered military aid to fight Iroquois Indians Alliance lasted for more than 100 years
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Discovery of Lake Champlain 1609 Traveled inland from the St. Lawrence River with Huron Indians Discovered Lake Champlain Champlain and the Hurons fought the Iroquois at the lake Used muskets Killed 2 chiefs with one shot Champlain and Hurons won battle
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Later Explorations 1610 – 1624 Traveled back and forth across the Atlantic Ocean More than 20 voyages Married Helene Boulle on December 29, 1610 1613 – 1615 Explored interior of Canada and New York State Ottawa River Lake Huron and Lake Ontario Helped the Hurons fight the Iroquois Indians Hurt in knee by an Iroquois arrow
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Travels of Champlain Courtesy of www.robinsonlibrary.com
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Later Life – Post Exploration 1620 – 1635: Commander of New France After 1620 Champlain focused on governing Quebec 1628: War between England and France 1629: Surrendered Quebec to English Held prisoner in England 1632: Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye England gave Quebec back to France
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Death of Samuel de Champlain 1633: Returned to Quebec as Commander 1635: Champlain died Christmas Day In Quebec Caused by a stroke
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Conclusion Founder of first permanent European settlement in Canada This year Canada celebrated the 400th anniversary of Champlain’s founding of Quebec Discovered Lake Champlain Created detailed maps of Atlantic coast and St. Lawrence River Strove to establish peaceful relations with the many Indian nations he encountered
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