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Convection and the Mantle

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1 Convection and the Mantle
Chapter 3, Lesson 2

2 Radiation Radiation: Electromagnetic waves that directly transport ENERGY through space. Sunlight is a form of radiation that is radiated through space to our planet without the help of fluids or solids. The energy travels through nothingness! Just think of it! The sun transfers heat through 93 million miles of space.

3 Because there are no solids (like a huge spoon) touching the sun and our planet, conduction is not responsible for bringing heat to Earth. Since there are no fluids (like air and water) in space, convection is not responsible for transferring the heat. So, radiation brings heat to our planet.

4 Examples of Radiation Sunlight (radiation that warms Earth’s surface)
Heat felt from a flame, like a candle Heat felt from an open fire

5 Use your glossary. Write the definition for radiation
Use your glossary. Write the definition for radiation. Make an Illustration.

6 Conduction Conduction is the transfer of energy through matter from particle to particle. It is the transfer and distribution of heat energy from atom to atom within a substance. For example, a spoon in a cup of hot soup becomes warmer because the heat from the soup is conducted along the spoon.

7 Conduction is most effective in solids-but it can happen in fluids
Conduction is most effective in solids-but it can happen in fluids. Fun fact: Have you ever noticed that metals tend to feel cold? Believe it or not, they are not colder! They only feel colder because they conduct heat away from your hand. You perceive the heat that is leaving your hand as cold.

8 Examples of Conduction
A spoon in a pot of soup heating up (heat is moving from the hot pot and the hot soup to the spoon) Ice melting in your hand (heat is moving from your hand to the ice cube) Burning your hand by touching a pan from the oven (heat is moving from the hot pan to your hand)

9 Use your glossary. Write the definition for conduction
Use your glossary. Write the definition for conduction. Make an Illustration.

10 Convection Convection is the transfer of heat by the actual movement of the warmed matter. Heat leaves the coffee cup as the currents of steam and air rise. Convection is the transfer of heat energy in a gas or liquid by movement of currents. (It can also happen is some solids, like sand.) The heat moves with the fluid.

11 Consider this: convection is responsible for making macaroni rise and fall in a pot of heated water. The warmer portions of the water are less dense and therefore, they rise. Meanwhile, the cooler portions of the water fall because they are denser.

12 Examples of Convection
Soup being heated on a stove (hot, less dense soup rises, cools off, becomes more dense, then is pulled down by gravity and heated again) Heat warming your house (heat being transferred by air out of vents) Heating cold hands by blowing hot air on them Mantle of Earth being heated by core

13 Use your glossary. Write the definition for convection
Use your glossary. Write the definition for convection. Make an Illustration.

14 All Three!

15 Convection Currents in Lava Lamp

16

17 Homework ISN p. 47-Divide your page into 4 large sections by drawing a + (do not include the margin) 1. Label 3 sections: Radiation, Conduction, Convection 2. In each section: a. Write a definition USING THE GLOSSARY OF YOUR TEXTBOOK b. Draw an example (illustration) c. Write an explanation of what is happening in your picture 3. In the 4th section, illustrate how convection currents work in the Mantle and write an explanation


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