1. Chapter 10
Heat and Heat Technology
Preview
CRCT Preparation

2. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
1. If an object made of each of these substances was placed in a pot of boiling water, which object would reach 100˚C most quickly?
A lead
B iron
C glass
D wood

3. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
1. If an object made of each of these substances was placed in a pot of boiling water, which object would reach 100˚C most quickly?
A lead
B iron
C glass
D wood

4. Chapter 10 2. Which statement best explains how a refrigerator works?
CRCT Preparation
2. Which statement best explains how a refrigerator works?
A Thermal energy is transferred from the room to the refrigerator compartment and liquid refrigerant in the coils.
B Thermal energy from the liquid refrigerant in the coils is transferred to the refrigerator compartment.
C Thermal energy from the refrigerator compartment is transferred to the liquid refrigerant in the coils.
D Thermal energy is transferred between the refrigerator compartment and the liquid refrigerant in the coils.

5. Chapter 10 2. Which statement best explains how a refrigerator works?
CRCT Preparation
2. Which statement best explains how a refrigerator works?
A Thermal energy is transferred from the room to the refrigerator compartment and liquid refrigerant in the coils.
B Thermal energy from the liquid refrigerant in the coils is transferred to the refrigerator compartment.
C Thermal energy from the refrigerator compartment is transferred to the liquid refrigerant in the coils.
D Thermal energy is transferred between the refrigerator compartment and the liquid refrigerant in the coils.

6. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
3. Which of the following sentences best describes the process that occurs when liquid water becomes ice?
A Thermal energy is transferred to the water, and its molecules stop moving.
B Thermal energy is transferred to the water, and its molecules move more quickly.
C Thermal energy is transferred from the water, and its molecules are held tightly together.
D Thermal energy is transferred from the water, and its molecules break apart.

7. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
3. Which of the following sentences best describes the process that occurs when liquid water becomes ice?
A Thermal energy is transferred to the water, and its molecules stop moving.
B Thermal energy is transferred to the water, and its molecules move more quickly.
C Thermal energy is transferred from the water, and its molecules are held tightly together.
D Thermal energy is transferred from the water, and its molecules break apart.

8. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
4. Which statement correctly describes how thermal energy is transferred when Phoenix holds a piece of ice in her hand?
A Thermal energy is transferred from her hand to the ice cube.
B Thermal energy is transferred back and forth between her hand and the ice cube.
C Thermal energy is transferred from the ice cube to her hand.
D Thermal energy is not transferred between her hand and the ice cube.

9. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
4. Which statement correctly describes how thermal energy is transferred when Phoenix holds a piece of ice in her hand?
A Thermal energy is transferred from her hand to the ice cube.
B Thermal energy is transferred back and forth between her hand and the ice cube.
C Thermal energy is transferred from the ice cube to her hand.
D Thermal energy is not transferred between her hand and the ice cube.

10. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
5. How do electromagnetic waves emitted by the sun heat Earth?
A by conduction
B by convection
C by radiation
D by insulation

11. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
5. How do electromagnetic waves emitted by the sun heat Earth?
A by conduction
B by convection
C by radiation
D by insulation

12. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
6. The diagram shows three closed jars that all contain the same substance. Which of the following statements is true?
A The particles in all three jars have the same amount of thermal energy.
B The particles in jar 1 have the greatest freedom of motion.
C The particles in jar 2 cannot transfer heat by convection.
D The particles in jar 3 have the highest kinetic energy.

13. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
6. The diagram shows three closed jars that all contain the same substance. Which of the following statements is true?
A The particles in all three jars have the same amount of thermal energy.
B The particles in jar 1 have the greatest freedom of motion.
C The particles in jar 2 cannot transfer heat by convection.
D The particles in jar 3 have the highest kinetic energy.

14. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
7. Which of the following statements best describes particles of water at room temperature?
A They are held tightly together and can only vibrate.
B They are loosely connected and can slide past each other.
C They move about freely and are far apart from each other.
D They have no attractions between them and do not move.

15. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
7. Which of the following statements best describes particles of water at room temperature?
A They are held tightly together and can only vibrate.
B They are loosely connected and can slide past each other.
C They move about freely and are far apart from each other.
D They have no attractions between them and do not move.

16. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
8. Which of the following is an example of thermal expansion?
A water increasing in volume as it freezes in an ice cube tray
B a jar lid loosening when it is placed under running hot water
C hot soup cooling to room temperature
D a balloon getting larger as more air is pumped into it

17. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
8. Which of the following is an example of thermal expansion?
A water increasing in volume as it freezes in an ice cube tray
B a jar lid loosening when it is placed under running hot water
C hot soup cooling to room temperature
D a balloon getting larger as more air is pumped into it

18. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
9. As Jackie walks along the beach on Tybee Island, the hot sand burns her feet. When she lies on a blanket in the sand, Jackie gradually becomes warm. To cool off, Jackie goes swimming in the ocean. Describe three ways that Jackie’s experiences illustrate thermal energy transfer. State the type of energy transfer that is not illustrated.

19. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
9. Answer - Full-credit answers should include three of the following transfers of thermal energy:
• The sun transfers energy to the beach sand, beach blanket, and Jackie through radiation.
• The sand transfers energy to Jackie’s feet and the beach blanket through conduction.
• The beach blanket transfers energy to Jackie through conduction.
• As Jackie swims in the ocean, the heat from her body is transferred to the ocean water through conduction. This causes Jackie to feel cooler. Convection is the type of thermal energy transfer that is not illustrated by Jackie’s experiences.

20. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
10. Gordon places a metal spoon into a mug of hot cocoa. Explain why the spoon is warm after a few minutes.

21. Chapter 10
CRCT Preparation
10. Answer –
Thermal energy is transferred from the hot cocoa to the metal spoon. The particles in the hot cocoa collide with the particles in the spoon. These collisions raise the kinetic energy of the particles in the spoon while lowering the kinetic energy of the particles in the hot cocoa. Eventually, the kinetic energy of all the particles in both objects will be the same, and the temperature of the spoon will be the same as the temperature of the beverage.