1. Ancient Mesopotamia

2. Chapter 3 Section 1 The Fertile Crescent

3. Standards
H-SS 6.2 Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social structures of the early civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Kush.
E-LA Reading Clarify and connect main ideas by identifying their relationship to other sources and related topics.

4. Anticipatory Set
Can you locate the Tigris and Euphrates River?

5. Objective
You will learn about farming improvements and how better farming methods led to the rise of cities and the world’s first civilization in a land known as Mesopotamia.

6. Language of the Discipline
Irrigation- a system of watering crops.
Population- number of people.
City-state- made up of a city and the surrounding land and villages that it controls.
Barter- a trading system in which people exchange goods directly without using money.

7. The Land Between the Rivers

8. The Land Between the Rivers
Ancient Mesopotamia is surrounded by bodies of water

9. The Land Between the Rivers
Ancient Mesopotamia is surrounded by bodies of water
Mediterranean Sea and Persian Gulf
Euphrates River and Tigris River

10. The Land Between the Rivers
Ancient Mesopotamia is surrounded by bodies of water
Mediterranean Sea and Persian Gulf
Euphrates River and Tigris River
The land became known as ‘The Fertile Crescent’
Provided Sumerians with rich, fertile soil for farming

12. Weather Issues

13. Weather Issues
Sumerians had long dry summers

14. Weather Issues Sumerians had long dry summers
There was no rain for months and the ground became hard and rocky.
Due to the bodies of water surrounding the land = frequent floods
Sometimes villages were swept away = danger.

15. Agricultural Techniques

16. Agricultural Techniques
Sumerians developed an irrigation system to assist with watering crops.
Adaptation to the hot summers and flooding

17. Agricultural Techniques
Sumerians developed an irrigation system
Adaptation to the hot summers and flooding
From this Sumerians enjoyed a plentiful flood supply

18. Agricultural Techniques
Sumerians developed an irrigation system
Adaptation to the hot summers and flooding
From this Sumerians enjoyed a plentiful flood supply
Population increased
City- States formed across the region which were made up the surrounding land and villages.

19. Check for Understanding
Please determine the BEST answer for the following question.
Please write your answer on your white boards and wait for the teacher’s signal.
On the teacher’s signal, hold up your white boards.

20. Checking for Understanding
Name one of the challenges of farming in Mesopotamia?
Answers can be:
Flood waters washed away the fertile soil and made farming difficult.
Many times, floodwaters destroyed whole villages.
Most of the region beyond the rivers was a desert where nothing could grow.

21. Checking for Understanding
What rivers did farmers live?
Answer
Farmers lived on the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

22. Checking for Understanding
_______________ is a system of watering crops.
Irrigation

23. Guided Practice/Independent Practice
Complete questions on the reading comprehension worksheet.
Raise your hand and wait to get stamped.
If you received an “R” go to the back table with Ms. Graham.
Independent Practice
Once you have been stamped moved to independent practice and complete numbers 3 and 4 on the reading comprehension worksheet.
Homework
Note-taking guide on the reverse side.

24. Chapter 3 Section 2 The Civilizations of Sumor

25. Standards
H-SS6.2.3 Understand the relationship between religion and the social and political order in Mesopotamia and Egypt.
E-LA Reading Connect and clarify main ideas by identifying their relationships to other sources and related topics.

26. Objective
You will learn how religion and government supported the social order of Sumer. You will also learn about some of the achievements of the Sumerian civilization.

27. Anticipatory Set Think back to when you first learned how to write?
Was it hard?
Could people easily read what you wrote?
Scribes became an important part of Mesopotamia when they began to document everything.

28. Language of the Discipline
Polytheism- they worshiped many gods.
Scribe- a person who was trained to write and keep records in ancient times.
Kingship- a government headed by a king.
Law code- a written set of laws.
Technology- the application of human intelligence in problems to create new and better ways of doing things.

29. Social Order

30. Social Order As city-states grew so did the social order
Social order was supported by religious and political leaders

31. Social Order As city-states grew so did the social order
Social order was supported by religious and political leaders
Priests were the lifeblood of Sumerian civilization

32. Social Order As city-states grew so did the social order.
Social order was supported by religious and political leaders.
Priests were the lifeblood of Sumerian civilization.
Communicated with the gods, ran the temples, and developed an early system of writing to track goods.
They believed that the gods ate, drank, slept, and married.

33. Social Order As city-states grew so did the social order.
Social order was supported by religious and political leaders.
Priests were the lifeblood of Sumerian civilization.
Communicated with the gods, ran the temples, and developed an early system of writing to track goods. Scribes were trained to write and keep record.
Eventually military leaders were allowed to govern city-states.

34. Kingship

35. Kingship
The idea of kingship developed

36. Kingship The idea of kingship developed
Advances in technology and learning grew
Early writing system developed

37. Kingship The idea of kingship developed
Advances in technology and learning grew
Early writing system developed
From pictures of ideas to shapes representing a sound
An alphabet was created
Sumerians wrote the first mathematics books and created a number system based on 60, which is still used to tell time and help with measuring circles today.

39. Check for Understanding
Please determine the BEST answer for the following question.
Please write your answer on your white boards and wait for the teacher’s signal.
On the teacher’s signal, hold up your white boards.

40. Checking for Understanding
Sumerians believed that their gods got married, ate and drank, and ____________?
Answer
Ate

41. Checking for Understanding
Cities grew because of trade, increased population, new technology, and_________
Answer
Farming methods that brought about a food surplus.

42. Checking for Understanding
A _________________was a person who was trained to write and keep records in ancient times.
Answer
Scribe

43. Guided Practice/Independent Practice
Complete questions on the reading comprehension worksheet.
Raise your hand and wait to get stamped.
If you received an “R” go to the back table with Ms. Graham.
Independent Practice
Once you have been stamped moved to independent practice and complete numbers 3 and 4 on the reading comprehension worksheet.
Homework
Note-taking guide on the reverse side.

44. Chapter 3 Section 4 The First Empires

45. Standards H-SS: 6.2.4 Know the significance of Hammurabi’s Code.
E-LA Reading Connect and clarify main ideas by identifying their relationships to other sources and related topics.

46. Anticipatory Set Could you imagine a world without laws?
What would happen if no one had to follow any rules?
Well, Hammurabi created the first law code in Mesopotamia. His ideas would change our world forever.

47. Objective
You will learn how strong rulers finally conquered the city-states to create the world’s first empires. You will also read how a ruler named Hammurabi tried to unite Mesopotamia under one law code, or set of laws.

48. Language of the Discipline
1. Conquest- when one people defeats and controls another.
2. Empire- a group of countries or peoples who are ruled by one government.
3. Chariots- wheeled war vehicles.
4. Barbarians- people without civilization.

49. Conflict

50. Conflict
Conflict increased as city-states grew

51. Conflict Conflict increased as city-states grew
“Sargon the Great” conquered city- states and formed Mesopotamia’s first empire called The Akkadian Empire.
Spread Sumerian civilization for more than 50 years.
The Akkadian people adopted the Sumerian farming techniques, cuneiform writing, and even religion.

52. Law Code

53. Law Code After Sargon’s death, Sumer was united by Ur-Nammu
Issued the first known law code

54. Law Code After Sargon’s death, Sumer was united by Ur-Nammu
Issued the first known law code
The next king, Hammurabi, issued codes of laws for his people to follow
The law code was carved in stone for people to see.
He wanted people to know the laws that they were to live by.

55. Law Code The code was important because
1. It was the first known attempt by a ruler to use laws to unite an empire.
2. It provided historians with a great deal of information about life in Mesopotamia.

56. Check for Understanding
Please determine the BEST answer for the following question.
Please write your answer on your white boards and wait for the teacher’s signal.
On the teacher’s signal, hold up your white boards.

57. Check for Understanding
People without civilization were known as_________________.
Answer
Barbarians

58. Check for Understanding
What did Hammurabi do so that all of his people knew his laws?
Answer
King Hammurabi wrote or carved his law code on huge stones that hung for people to see.

59. Check for Understanding
How did Sargon unite Mesopotamia?
Answer
Sargon united Mesopotamia by creating Mesopotamia’s first empire with a well equipped army.

60. Guided Practice/Independent Practice
Complete questions on the reading comprehension worksheet.
Raise your hand and wait to get stamped.
If you received an “R” go to the back table with Ms. Graham.
Independent Practice
Once you have been stamped moved to independent practice and complete numbers 3 and 4 on the reading comprehension worksheet.
Homework
Note-taking guide on the reverse side.