1. American Indians in Texas
An Overview
Caddo
Karankawa
Jumano
Lipan Apache
Click on picture
Chris Aigner

2. Caddo Indians Lived in the East Texas - Coastal Plains area of Texas
They gave Texas its name “Tayshas”

3. Caddo Indians
Lived in Grass Huts made out of wooden frames and dry grasses
They lived in villages
Got their food by farming-ate fruits, vegetables and grains. They grew corn, beans, squash

4. The Caddo Lived in piney areas of East Texas Farmers
Grass huts like the Wichitas
Farmers
corn, beans, squash and other crops
Set fires in the woods to burn away clearings to farm
Women would gather wild plant food like acorns, black berries
Men would travel in hunting parties for buffalo
Buffalo robes
The Caddo clans were farmers that lived in the forests of East Texas. They built grass huts in which to live. In order to clear land for farming, the men would set part of the woods on fire. The men also traveled in hunting parties in order to hunt. Later they would make long robes out of the buffalo hides. The women gathered wild food to eat also.
Moore, Edward R & Texarch Assoc., Texas Indians,

5. The Caddo Lived in piney areas of East Texas Farmers
Grass huts like the Wichitas
Farmers
corn, beans, squash and other crops
Set fires in the woods to burn away clearings to farm
Women would gather wild plant food like acorns, black berries
Men would travel in hunting parties for buffalo
Buffalo robes
The Caddo clans were farmers that lived in the forests of East Texas. They built grass huts in which to live. In order to clear land for farming, the men would set part of the woods on fire. The men also traveled in hunting parties in order to hunt. Later they would make long robes out of the buffalo hides. The women gathered wild food to eat also.
Moore, Edward R & Texarch Assoc., Texas Indians,

6. Lets Review!
Where is it thought that the first humans that came to America came from?
How did they get here?
In what region did the Caddo Indians live?
What kind of house did the Caddo live in?
Where the Caddo’s hunters or farmers?
What did they plant?
What does “Tejas” mean?
Moore, Edward R & Texarch Assoc., Texas Indians,

7. Karankawa Indians
Lived in the coastal plains near the Gulf Coast. They were nomads, they moved around all the time to find food
Got their food by fishing -ate fish, shellfish, and small animals
They also gathered berries and nuts to eat
Click on picture

8. Built of sticks, and grass materials
Karankawa House
Built of sticks, and grass materials

9. The Karankawa Galveston and Corpus Christi area Food= fish fish fish!
Clothing
Men: breach cloths or nothing at all
Women: grass skirts
Lived in wickiups during the winter
Got around in canoes
Could hold a family and all their possessions
The Karankawa Natives lived along the Gulf Coast. There diet consisted of sea food and hardly anything else! They did not wear much clothing because of the warm climate. The men wore breach cloths or went naked, and the women wore grass skirts. They lived in Wikiups in the winter. Whenever they traveled, the moved along the swamps and marshes in large canoes which were big enough to hold a whole family and all of its possessions.
Moore, Edward R & Texarch Assoc., Texas Indians,

10. The Karankawa Larger than most Native Americans at 6’
Often unfairly labeled as cannibals
Click on the fish for more information on the Karankawa culture
The Karankawas were often unfairly labeled as cannibals bc they ate the body of their war victims. However, most of the Native Americans did this! It was not for food, but for enabling the warriors to receive the brave spirit of the man they had killed. The Karankawas were probably pretty scary because they were taller than most Native Americans at over 6’.
Moore, Edward R & Texarch Assoc., Texas Indians,

11. Jumano Indians
They lived in the mountains and basins region near the Rio Grande River.
Got their food by farming. They grew corn, squash and beans.
Click on picture

12. Jumano Pueblo Homes
They built their houses out of adobe mud. They lived in villages.

13. Jumano West Texas Farmers Adobe houses grew corn, beans and squash
grew cotton for clothes and blankets
Adobe houses
The Jumano Indians were farmers that lived in West Texas. They built adobe houses in which to live.
Moore, Edward R & Texarch Assoc., Texas Indians,

14. Jumano Clean and neat Men shaved their heads except for at the top
Traders
Supposedly naked except for when it was cold- wore blankets
They are often described as neat and clean because the men would shave their entire head except for one spot where the hair grew long. They did not wear clothing. When it got cold they would wear blanket that they made out of the cotton that they grew. They were also involved in trading.
Moore, Edward R & Texarch Assoc., Texas Indians,

15. Lipan Apache Indians They lived in the High Plains region of Texas.
They lived in tipis and were nomads.
One chief led the tribe
Click on picture

16. Lipan Apache They hunted deer, buffalo and
they grew corn, beans and squash.

17. American Indians in Texas
Click on picture
Think about it!
American Indians are the ancestors of our country and our state. What can we take away from their lives to apply to our own?