1. Levels of Government Unitary System: – National Government is supreme – Regional governments derive all power from national. Confederate System: – Local government is supreme – National govt. derives all power from local. Federal System (Federalism): – Power/Authority is divided between national and regional. – U.S. system

2. The People of the United Kingdom Social/Ethnic Cleavages 83% English 9% Scottish 5% Welsh 3% Northern Irish UK policy towards non-English – DEVOLUTION

3. UK: Unitary System becoming Federal Devolution: – Delegating decision-making to local public bodies. 1998 Good Friday Agreement – Created a local parliament in N. Ireland 1999: Creation of Scottish and Welsh Regional Assemblies – Taxation – Education – Economic Planning 2000: Direct election of Mayor of London

4. 2014: Referendum on Scottish Independence Permitted by Westminster (UK Government) Based on the article and your own thoughts, what are the pros and cons of Scottish Independence?

5. http://www.ipsos- mori.com/offices/scotland/scottishpublicopinionmonitor/keytrends/Independence.aspx

6. http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/scottish-independence-essential-guide#107 Devolution and Scottish Independence

7. Northern Ireland 1921: The island of Ireland was partitioned. Northern Ireland Protestants=3/5 of population Tensions between Catholics and Protestants “The Troubles” (1969-1998) Violence between Catholics and Protestants. – Over 3,500 killed Irish Republican Army (IRA) – Paramilitary force – Opposed union with UK