2. Aims: a) return control of the government to the people b) restore economic opportunities c) correct injustices in American life. 1. The Progressive Movement

3. a. protecting social welfare b. promoting moral improvement c. creating economic reform d. fostering efficiency 2. The Goals of the Progressive Reformers

4. a. The Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA)- opened libraries, sponsored classes, and built swimming pools and handball courts. b. Salvation Army fed poor people in soup kitchens, cared for children in nurseries c. Florence Kelley- advocate for improving the lives of women and children; prohibited child labor and limited women's working hours. 3. Organizations that Helped the Poor

5. a)The banning of alcoholic beverages b)Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) spearheaded the crusade for prohibition. c)Anti-Saloon League- sought to close saloons to cure society's problems. 4. Prohibition

6. a)Journalists who wrote about the corrupt side of business and public life in mass circulation magazines during the early 20th century 5. Muckrakers

7. Pros- a)speed up production b)reduced the workday to eight hours and paid workers five dollars a day. (Henry Ford) Cons- a)This caused a high worker turnover, often due to injuries suffered by fatigued workers. 6. Assembly Line Production

8. a.Progressives pushed for the popular election of senators instead of being elected by state legislators. b.Forced senators to be more responsive to the public.

9. a)Leading proponents of women’s suffrage, the right to vote. b)Founded the National American Woman Suffrage Association in 1890, or NAWSA. c)Opposition: Fear -women would vote for prohibition and banning child labor. Women’s changing role in society.

10. a.Granted women the right to vote in 1920 b.National Women’s Party (NWP) led by Alice Paul and Lucy Burns 1.mount a round-the-clock picket line around the White House 2.Some of the picketers were arrested, jailed, and even force-fed when they attempted a hunger strike.

11. a.Roosevelt thought the government should assume control whenever states proved incapable of dealing with problems.

12. a)Roosevelt saw the presidency as a "bully pulpit," from which he could influence the news media and shape legislation b)Square Deal: This term was used to describe the various progressive reforms sponsored by the Roosevelt administration.

13. a. President Roosevelt sought to curb the actions of the trusts that hurt the public interest. b.The Roosevelt administration filed 44 antitrust lawsuits, breaking up some of the trusts, it was unable to slow the merger movement in business.

14. A PERSONAL VOICE UPTON SINCLAIR " There would be meat that had tumbled out on the floor, in the dirt and sawdust, where the workers had tramped and spit uncounted billions of consumption [tuberculosis] germs. There would be meat stored in great piles in rooms;... and thousands of rats would race about on it.... A man could run his hand over these piles of meat and sweep off handfuls of the dried dung of rats. These rats were nuisances, and the packers would put poisoned bread out for them; they would die, and then rats, bread, and meat would go into the hoppers together " —The Jungle

15. a. Meat Inspection Act, which dictated strict cleanliness requirements for meatpackers and created the program of federal meat b. Pure Food and Drug Act, which halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling. 13. Regulating Food and Drugs

16. Teddy Roosevelt set aside: a)148 million acres of forest reserves. b)land for mineral and water resources. c)Land for wildlife sanctuaries and several national parks. 14. CONSERVATION AND NATURAL RESOURCES

17. a)1909 W.E.B. DuBois, and others founded the NAACP b)They aimed for nothing less than full equality among the races. c)That goal found little support in the Progressive Movement, which focused on the needs of middle- class whites. 15. The Progressives and Civil Rights

18. a)By 1912, Roosevelt had decided to run for a third term as president. b)Republican progressives refused to vote for Taft and formed a new third party, the Bull Moose Party and nominated Roosevelt for president. c)The split in the Republican ranks gave the Democrats the win 16. THE BULL MOOSE PARTY

19. a)The Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914, This "watchdog" agency investigated possible violations and put an end to a number of unfair business practices. b)Under Wilson, the FTC administered almost 400 cease- and-desist orders to companies engaged in illegal activity. 17. The Federal Trade Commission

20. a)With lower tariff rates, the federal government had to replace the revenue that tariffs had previously supplied. b)Ratified in 1913, the Sixteenth Amendment legalized a graduated federal income tax, which provided revenue by taxing individual earnings and corporate profits. 18. The 16 th Amendment