1. Module 2
Tactical Overview

2. Learning Objectives ASIM Principles Overview
Safe Weapon Handling Skills
Identify “Priority of Life”
Basic First Responder Techniques
Identify the 5 C’s of Hostage/Barricade
ALERRT Concepts and Principles
Link-Up Procedures
Casualty Collection Point

3. ASIM CHECKLIST LE 1st On Scene LE 2-4 Arriving Size up report
ID Danger Zones
Establish “Command” (May go mobile)
Engage
LE 2-4 Arriving
Communicate with Command
Form Contact Team
LE 1st On Scene:
Size up report - Information overload is common. Often this information is unclear, imprecise or simply wrong. The first arriving law enforcement officer must perform a size up of the situation. This is a mental exercise that is taught and practiced by the vast majority of agencies. What to say, how to say it and what is critical and what isn’t in highly charged and stressful environments can only be learned with practice.
Identify Hot Zone - Immediately identify the area of threat in order to reduce additional exposure to danger and clearly state this over the radio to inform all that will follow you. The communications center must rebroadcast this information. Clearly communicate the Hot Zone boundaries to the general public in your vicinity. These tasks are paramount in lowering the risk of surprise and inadvertent exposure to things that are bad.
Establish COMMAND (mobile) - COMMAND is the single term that identifies clearly to everyone that there is a SINGLE POINT OF CONTACT for information, direction, decision and resources. Even if multiple units arrive simultaneously, one and ONLY ONE unit MUST take the role as COMMAND, even if it is only for a short while. Without this, situational awareness and control will begin to creep very rapidly away while risks exponentially increase.
Engage - The ultimate goal in an ASE is to stop the killing. Departmental policies and training will guide the officers’ actions and will be based on his or her size up assessment. Entrance into the Hot Zone should be determined by the situation, operational necessity and officer safety.
LE 2-4 Arriving:
Communicate with COMMAND - Calling the unit that has established COMMAND develops the resources at hand, insures that everyone knows who is making decisions, where that person is and what the next immediate steps will be.
Form-Up - Example only and should be directed by local policy: “Charlie 2 to COMMAND, on scene-your location?” Command would reply with where he/she is and give directions. The following units would report “On Scene forming up with command” unless otherwise directed.
Move-to-CONTACT TEAM - Example only and should be directed by local policy: Once the units form up they func- tionally constitute “Contact Team #1”.

4. ASIM CHECKLIST CONT’d LE “5TH Man” First LE Supervisor
Get Briefed & Gain situational awareness
Assume Command
Set STAGING location
Assign more Contact Teams
First LE Supervisor
Get Briefing (verbal)
Designate “5th Man” as TACTICAL GROUP
Assign STAGING manager
Assign PERIMETER GROUP
Assign MEDICAL BRANCH to EMS
LE “5th Man”
This concept formalizes the root incident command structure.
Get briefing (verbal) - This can be done either face to face or by radio. This should be concise and communicate conditions (situation-one suspect shots being fired), actions (move to contact team#1 formed and moving towards last gunfire) and needs (more Move to Contact (MTC) teams to side 3).
Assume COMMAND - Announces this clearly over the radio with his/her physical location
Designate First LE as CONTACT 1 - Designate the relieved commander as the Team Leader for Move-To-Contact Team 1 (CONTACT 1) and clearly announce that over the radio.
Set STAGING location - This is a new concept with many law enforcement agencies this early in any event.
However, it can be critical to the effective deployment of resources. In setting the location, responding units should alter their trajectory to the designated STAGING location. COMMAND should direct all units to report to that location and specifically request resources to fulfill the next Checklist Items.
Get situational awareness - If unclear at this point, this becomes an immediate priority. Determine location of MTC personnel and confirm clear understanding of the Hot Zone boundaries. MUST ACQUIRE understanding of Conditions, Actions (underway and planned), Needs (resources).
Assign more CONTACT TEAMs - form and deploy teams as “Contact Team #2”, “Contact Team #3”, etc.
FIRST LE SUPERIVSOR
Dictated by local policy which could be; Corporal, Sergeant, or higher. This step builds on the root command structure and divides the intense workload in efforts to reduce “fog of war” and improve situational awareness
Get briefing (verbal) – Optimally this should be a face-to-face briefing, but that may not be reasonable. The content should be marginally more detailed than the previous briefing, but should still be quick and concise.
Assume COMMAND – Only after obtaining a briefing should command be assumed. Clearly stating over the radio that you are “COMMAND” with the physical location of the command post is important.
Designate “5th Man” as TACTICAL GROUP over the radio
Assign STAGING – Identify a unit that has arrived at the staging location and assign that unit as “Staging”. This person will manage, organize, and document what units and types are in staging and keep the Incident Commander aware of his resource pool.
Assign PERIMETER GROUP – Once Staging has been assigned, the order can be given for the staging manager to form up the resources from staging when available, identify one of those units as the Perimeter Group Leader, assign resources to him and advise command that the Perimeter Group is formed and ready for deployment.
Assign MEDICAL BRANCH to FD/EMS – If FD/EMS is not on scene, request the first arriving FD/EMS officer to the command post for assignment as the MEDICAL BRANCH. Should FD/EMS check in at the command post, they should request this assignment following a briefing. SEE FIRST FD/EMS SUPERVISOR Checklist.

5. ASIM CHECKLIST CONT’d Second LE Supervisor First FD/EMS Supervisor
Get Briefed (verbal)
Assume Command
Designate First LE Sup as
LAW ENFORCEMENT BRANCH
Assign INTELLIGENCE SECTION
First FD/EMS Supervisor
Check in at Command Post
Get Briefing (verbal)
Request MEDICAL BRANCH assignment
Second LE Supervisor
Get briefing (verbal) – Optimally this should be a face-to-face briefing. The content should be more detailed than the previous briefing, but should be conducted within a few minutes.
Assume COMMAND - Only after obtaining a briefing should command be assumed. Clearly stating over the radio that you are “COMMAND” with the confirmation of the physical location of the command.
Designate First LE Supervisor as the LAW ENFORCEMENT BRANCH – clearly communicate his assignment over the radio. This officer remains at the command post. He not only possesses the most recent/best situational awareness, he also is the point of contact for all of the units currently deployed, has set in motion tactical and strategic plans and must remain focused on objectives.
Assign INTELLIGENCE SECTION – Identify a resource qualified to begin the functions of this section chief, collocate this position close to the command post and provide the Checklist for this activity as part of the COMMAND STAFF.
FIRST FD/EMS SUPERVISOR
Check in at COMMAND POST – Important that contact is made with the INCIDENT COMMANDER if the command post is located in a relatively safe location.
Get briefing (verbal) - Determine conditions, Hot Zone boundaries, no go areas, estimated number of injured (CASUALTIES not VICTIMS), actions to engage (prepare rescue teams, assemble equipment, determine avenues of ingress/egress), request resources to meet needs (numbers of LE units for each rescue team, transport units and support crews such as engine, truck or special service companies).
Request MEDICAL BRANCH assignment – If not verbalized, confirm the assignment with a specific request. Remember, the situation is fluid and stressful. This singularly can assist the Incident Commander by off-loading critical tasks from him/her and support operations.

6. Basic Firearms Manipulation
Target Filled With Innocent
Surgeon/Competent
Angles of Engagement and Structural Concerns
General Firearms Safety Rules
Handgun (Combat Ready, Sul, Grip)
Rifle (Mech Safety, Muzzle Awareness)
Shotgun (Ammo Selection, Breaching)

7. PRIORITY OF LIFE INNOCENT VICTIMS FIRST RESPONDERS ACTOR(S)
Property should never be considered above any person’s safety

8. The PROFESSIONAL GUARDIAN
YOUR OATH
“To the Best of My Ability”
The Professional Guardian
SCHOLAR
STATESMAN
WARRIOR
Hope and Courage will not be enough

9. BASIC FIRST RESPONDER TACTICS
Scanning Sequence
Action vs. Reaction
6’ Reactionary Gap
Lower Weapon to Open Visual Field
Priority of Fire
Contact Cover
A,B,C’s of Cover

10. ALERRT Concepts and Principles
Stay Together as Much as Possible
540° of Cover
Communication
Cover the Angles
Threshold Evaluation
Move Only as Fast as You Can Shoot Accurately and Think

11. Hostage Barricade 5 C’s Contain Control Communicate
Call (SWAT and Negotiators)
Create and Immediate Action Plan

12. Active Shooter Response
Contact Team Principles
1-5 Responders
Bypass the Wounded
Bypass Uncleared Areas
Give Victims Direction
Direct Follow-on Responders

13. ROOM ENTRY
Triangle of Success
Surprise
Speed
Controlled Aggression

14. “LINK-UP” PROTOCOLS DANGER! Two Groups of First Responders Link-Up
Initial Responders
Follow-On Responders
Link-Up
Radio
Audible and Visual

15. Rules of Link-Up
Don’t enter a hallway occupied by other first responders
Unless 100% clear on what the other team wants you to do, move to them and conduct a face to face meeting
Never drop security, consider everything uncleared until known as fact

16. CASUALTY COLLECTION POINT (CCP)
Security First
Location near Exit
Patients Geographically Separated
Immediate
Delayed
Multiple Rooms
Security Outside