1. Industrialization of America 1877-1918
STD
Objective:
Evaluate the industrial leaders and their policies.

2. APK Who are the workers we search out for jobs?
What was different about the jobs during the industrialization?

3. Importance
Some business leaders in the late 1800s were called "robber barons" because they
A. required their workers to address them as royalty.
B. spent time in Europe buying up art treasures.
C. stole from the rich to give to the poor.
D. used ruthless business tactics to get rich.

4. Main Points
After the Civil War, the United States became one of the world’s leading industrial powers.
Industrialization touched every aspect of life.
There were new products and conveniences for consumers.
There were new sources of wealth for business-owners.

5. Rise of American Industry
Major factor was our economic system-capitalism (free market or free enterprise)
Wealth is privately owned
not controlled by the government.
Laissez Faire – allow to do – Hands off
New machines = more factories and mass production
Badly-treated workers = organized labor unions
CFU:
Define Capitalism.
Define Laissez Faire.

6. Reasons for the Rise as an Industrial Giant
The spread of railroads
Transcontinental railroad connected east and west.
New inventions
Bessemer process – steel
Telegraph (Morse) – communication
Telephone (Bell) – communication
Light Bulb (Edison) – new uses for electricity
Rise of Corporations
Larger sums of money could be raised through the sell of stocks
Pair Share:
How would railroads and new inventions lead to growth in industry?

7. Titan of Industry or Robber Baron
Business Leaders
Heroes or Villains?
Titan of Industry or Robber Baron

8. Business Leader You Decide…
Andrew Carnegie – Steel producer
Born poor
Became world’s richest man
Sold steel at low prices and put other steel companies out of business
Forced workers to put in long hours at low wages
Stopped them from joining unions
Later gave large sums of money to education, libraries, and arts.
Pair Share:
Would Carnegie be good boss?
Does giving money to charity negate any bad he did?

9. This is a view of the Edgar Thomson Works at Braddock taken from the hills across the Monongahela River. Andrew Carnegie's first steel plant, "ET" was built in 1875 to make steel rails for the rapidly expanding railroads and named after the president of the Pennsylvania Railroad at the time.

10. Business Leader You Decide…
John D. Rockefeller – Oil refiner
Formed Standard Oil Company
Controlled most of the oil refinery business
Forced railroad companies to give him special low rates while they charged higher rates to his competitors
Later gave money to education and science
Pair Share:
Would Rockefeller be good boss?
Does giving money to charity negate any bad he did?

11. This is the Standard Oil Building that stood at 26 Broadway in New York City.

12. % of Billionaires in 1900 CFU: What does the graph show Pair Share
What does this chart say about American wealth?

13. % of Billionaires in 1918 CFU: What does the graph show Pair Share
What does this chart say about American wealth?

14. Importance
Some business leaders in the late 1800s were called "robber barons" because they
A. required their workers to address them as royalty.
B. spent time in Europe buying up art treasures.
C. stole from the rich to give to the poor.
D. used ruthless business tactics to get rich.

15. Closure
During the second half of the 19th century, government commitment to the principles of laissez-faire contributed to
healthy and positive competition between businesses.
the growth of small business firms.
friendly working relationships between labor and management.
the growth of business monopolies and trusts.

16. Closure In a capitalist system,
A. the state controls economic activity.
B. private citizens control economic activity.
C. elected officials control economic activity.
D. the dictator controls economic activity.

17. Closure The term robber-baron was used to criticize the
tactics of big-business leaders.
corruption of government officials.
dishonesty of carpetbaggers.
unskilled labor of illegal immigrants.

18. Closure
U.S. industry needed international trade during the late 1800s and early 1900s to
A. obtain spare parts for railroad cars and steamships.
B. obtain raw materials and sell more goods to new markets.
C. keep the United States dollar on the gold standard.
D. provide American consumers with a choice of products.

19. Closure

20. Closure