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Rochester Roots Experimental Horticulture P15419
McKenzie Worden James Forbes Benjamin Kerlin Lawrence Osai Ryan Cody Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Agenda 1 2 3 4 Customer Requirements/Engineering Requirements/HOQ
Model Design CAD Model Sensors/Meters Cooling System 3 Cost Analysis BOM 4 Remaining Action Items Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Customer Needs Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab Customer Rqmt. #
Importance Category Description Comments/Status CR1 1 Safety School Safe CR3 Teaching Intuitive user interface (For students) CR4 Control Able to measure water content in the soil sensor CR5 Able to control amount of water added manually dispense water CR6 Able to filter the chlorine out of the water berkley filter CR7 Able to record water, light and temperature conditions sensors/meters CR8 Able to control amount of light provided adjust lights CR9 Able to measure amount of light provided meter CR10 Gives user information on room and unit conditions CR11 Physical Constraints Fits on a table in the classroom ( 33" x 322" ) 33" x 8' CR12 Portion containing plants is portable by 3rd grader 11" x 21.25" trays CR13 Aesthetics (Match the theme of the school) CR14 Movable by students (3rd - 6th) modular (2 modules) CR15 Experiment Able to produce enough plants to find statistically significant differences. CR16 Able to separate plants types or conditions for different teams modular/4 trays per module/up to 72 plants per tray CR17 Able to grow a variety of different plant types CR18 Able to experiment with different environmental conditions CR19 Facilitates user to keep a record of data CR20 Visable results (Graphics) CR21 Cost Has long life cycle durable materials CR22 Less expensive than the provided budget cost analysis CR23 2 Assists teachers to meet curriculum (STEM learning/Common Core Standards) CR24 Active learning. Involves student in each step of the experimental growing process CR25 Usable by different ages CR26 Easy to repair/Low Maintenance CR27 3 Team Oriented CR28 Made from sustainable materials CR29 Easy to clean CR30 Clear planting container (See roots grow and aestetics) Importance: (1=must have, 2=nice to have, 3=preference only) Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Engineering Requirements
rqmt. # Importance Source Engineering Requirement Unit of Measure Marginal Value Ideal Value Comments/Status Test (how are you going to verify satisfaction) Extra Information S1 1 Safety No live wires mA <1 Insulated Grounded Voltmeter S2 No small parts cm (D) x cm (l) 3.175 x 5.715 0.03 x 0.05 No loose small parts Tape measure in (D) x in (l) 1.25 x 2.25 S3 FDA safe N/A Standards S4 3 Weight lbs / unit 15 10 Scale S5 Controls Water cups / day 2 4 Varies due to experiment Measuring cup S6 Light fc / hour 16,000 80,000 Light meter / Clock Roughly 8 hour days S7 Temperature C0 20-35 Thermometer F0 68-95 S8 Filtered water Liters 5 Tank S9 Teaching Time hours / day Clock S10 Growth time days 100 120 Calender S11 Number of students involved # 40 Counting S12 Experiment Duribility 1,000 5,000 Repetition S13 Drop test m 1.5 Test trials S14 Data requirements for satistics #n 20 30 S15 Cost Staying under Budget $ 800 750 Budgeting S16 Long life cycle cycles 5000 10000 S17 Physical Constraints Fit on table m2 6.8 6.5 S18 Height constraints S19 Mouse Proof mm (D) 6.35 <6 Calipers S20 Plant growth 0.25 0.50 S21 Easy to clean min / day S22 Recycled materials Binary Research S23 Aesteticly Pleasing NA Visual Importance: (1=must have, 2=nice to have) Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Model Design Iterative Process Final Design Multiple CAD designs
Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Model Design Version 1 Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Model Design Version 2 Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Model Design Version 3 Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Model Design Version 4 Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Final Model Design Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Feasibility Question How big is the lab?
Planting Schedule January February March Types of Plants Planted 2 -3 2 3 Total 4 - 5 5 # of Each Plant ? Assumptions Height of Light (2 ft above plant) = in Heating Pad ~ 11 x 22 in Light Coverage ~ 4 x 4 ft Each plant experiences each different set of conditions **CONDITIONS CHANGED / TRAY Soil = 2 types Light = 3 settings Temperature = 2 settings Water = 3 levels Known Info Table Height = in Ceiling Height = 9 ft Table Depth = 33 in Table Length = 322 in Plant Max Growth = in Plant Trays = 11 x 22 in Max Plants/Tray ~ 72 Using Gaphic Diff colors = light setting 1, 2, 3 Darker vs Lighter = room temp vs heat Label = soil 1, 2 Each tray split into 3rds = water 1, 2, 3 72 plants per tray / 3 = 24 plants per water/tray max plants = 5 types 24/5 = 4-5 of each type per water/tray Soil 1 Soil 2 Conclusion Facilitating all variations of all conditions, using 4-5 of each type of plant, the lab would have dimensions of 132 x 22 in, would use 12 plant trays, 3 lights, and 6 heating pads. Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Sensors/Meters Light Meter LX1010B Water/pH Meter Thermostat
0 – 50,000 Lux Luxmeter LCD digital display Water/pH Meter Thermostat Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Cooling System A fan for each module Sensor used with feedback loop
2 fans total for system 200 CFM’s Cheap, effective Easy to communicate with Sensor used with feedback loop Will turn fan on when temp exceeds setting Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Cooling System – Temp Sensor
Honeywell Rectangle Electronic Non-Programmable Thermostat RTH111B1016 Cheap and easy to implement Can change threshold temperature Only used for cooling Resistor extended to reach soil to measure soil temp & wired directly to fan to turn on fan when soil reaches temp on setting Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Heat Transfer Model Used experimental data as baseline for calculations Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Heat Transfer Model Using Worst Case Possible
Use Steady-State Approach Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Heat Transfer Model Using Conservation of Energy Equation for Control Volume Ein+Eg-Eout=m̊Cp∆T=Estored No Eg Simplifies to Ein-Eout=m̊Cp∆T=Estored Using Worst Case Data from experiment and soil properties can figure out Estored Will assume no heat loss (Eout) Worst Case Very little data on HID light heating Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Heat Transfer Model Estored =Ein=1625 KJ
Math Check (400 W)*(25200 s)=10080 KJ Bulb gives off 16% of energy as heat Reasonable √ Steady State q̊=64.5 W Now ask “ What rate of forced convection is needed to dissipate this amount of energy?” Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Heat Transfer Model Using Fan CFM rate, can now solve for convection coefficient Find Reynolds Number Solve for Nusselt Number Solve for h Completed multiple times with different CFM rates Found 200 CFM is appropriate Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Heat Transfer Conclusion
A fan with a capacity to reach 200 CFM’s is sufficient 1 for each module Simplified Model Moisture content Phase change of water Transient conditions Changes in ambient temperature Soil density Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Mechanical Analysis of Sheet Metal Basin
Find thickness of sheet metal and ensure safety of design Part under most stress Treated as plate under uniform loading Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Mechanical Analysis of Sheet Metal Basin
Assumed: The edges do not effect the stress of plate Plate is flat, uniform thickness, homogenous material All forces normal to the plane of the plate Small deflection theory Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Mechanical Analysis of Sheet Metal Basin
Referenced Roark’s Formulas for Stress and Strain 8th Edition Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Mechanical Analysis of Sheet Metal Basin
Values for 6061-t6 Al *Values referenced are from matweb.com Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Mechanical Analysis of Sheet Metal Basin
Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Mechanical Analysis of Sheet Metal Basin
Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Mechanical Analysis of Sheet Metal Basin
Decided on 1/8” 6061-T6 Al FOS, price, availability 2 ribs allow for maximum FOS Welded edges allow for easier machining Water tight basin Coated in Rust-Oleum Leak Seal Black Rubber Coating “Prevents moisture penetration, rust and corrosion” Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Cost Analysis Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab Structure Sensors
Part/Description # Needed Cost (ea.) Cost (total) Sheet Metal Basins 2 133.35 266.7 way Corner Connectors 8 $9.86 $78.88 Panel Hinges $6.51 $52.08 Leveling Feet $5.95 $47.60 Web Flats N/A Panel Handles 4 $1.44 $5.76 Fasteners Magnetic Catches $2.57 10.28 Framing Sheet Metal 2ftx2ft sheet (1/16'') 21.5 80-20 42 ft $31.59/10 ft $132.68 4 ft section 2 ft section 30 in section Mesh Paneling 52 sq ft 8.77/roll $52.62 4 x 2 ft sections 30 in x 2 ft section 2 ft x 2 ft section (will have to use 1/32'' sheet metal) Structure Total: $668.10 Sensors Light Meter (Analog) 1 $23.95 Dual Timer $7.53 Water & pH (Analog) 15.00 $15.00 Thermostat (Digital) $15.01 $30.02 Sensor Total: $76.50 Cooling System Cooling Fans (>200CFM) $30.95 $61.90 Cooling Total: 61.90 Extras Rust Oleum Leak Seal Black Rubber Coating $9.97 Extras Total System Total: $816.47 Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Action Items Water Dispensing System
Research – how high to hang lights & can we use less wattage? Need to cover 4 x 4 ft area Lights Attached to System Additional Funding Communicate with sensors group Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Water Dispensing System
Hydrofarm Dual Outlet Mechanical Timer Can set output to be on for any number of 15 minute intervals Used to create a watering schedule on weekends and holiday breaks Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Light Bulb Research Can we use a lower wattage bulb & maintain 4’x4’ area of light provided Currently – 400 Watt HID bulb Next lowest – 250 Watt HID bulb Provides ample light for 3’x3’ area (primary growing area) Plants outside PGA will bend towards light (phototropism) Moving light higher will reduce intensity of light Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Customer Needs Updated
Customer Rqmt. # Importance Category Description Comments/Status CR1 1 Safety School Safe CR3 Teaching Intuitive user interface (For students) CR4 Control Able to measure water content in the soil sensor CR5 Able to control amount of water added manually dispense water CR6 Able to filter the chlorine out of the water berkley filter CR7 Able to record water, light and temperature conditions sensors/meters CR8 Able to control amount of light provided adjust lights CR9 Able to measure amount of light provided meter CR10 Gives user information on room and unit conditions CR11 Physical Constraints Fits on a table in the classroom ( 33" x 322" ) 33" x 8' CR12 Portion containing plants is portable by 3rd grader 11" x 21.25" trays CR14 Aesthetics (Match the theme of the school) CR15 Movable by students (3rd - 6th) modular (2 modules) CR16 Experiment Able to produce enough plants to find statistically significant differences. CR17 Able to separate plants types or conditions for different teams modular/4 trays per module/up to 72 plants per tray CR18 Able to grow a variety of different plant types CR19 Able to experiment with different environmental conditions CR20 Facilitates user to keep a record of data CR22 Cost Has long life cycle/Sturdy durable materials CR23 Less expensive than the provided budget cost analysis CR24 (Automated) Water Dispensing System CR25 2 Assists teachers to meet curriculum (STEM learning/Common Core Standards) CR26 Active learning. Involves student in each step of the experimental growing process CR27 Usable by different ages CR28 Easy to repair/Low Maintenance CR30 Lights Able to Hang from the System CR31 3 Team Oriented CR32 Made from sustainable materials CR33 Easy to clean Importance: (1=must have, 2=nice to have, 3=preference only) Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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Questions? Rochester Roots Horticulture Lab
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