1. Insert Filepath here International Symposium on Environmental Issues Industrial Pollution Control and Risk Management September 28 & 29 2004 Jack O’Keeffe - PM Group Ireland

2. 2 Pollution & Risk Directives 96/61/EC IPPC 96/62/EC Air Framework Directive 96/82/EC Seveso (Major Accidents) 97/11/EC EIA 99/13/EC Volatile Organic Compounds 2000/60/EC Water Framework Directive 2000/76/EC Incineration of Waste 2001/80/EC Large Combustion Plants 2003/35/EC Public Participation 2003/87 Emissions Trading (GHGs) ……and many more

3. 3 IPPC Prevent/control Pollution From Industrial plants (not products) Through permits Based on Best Available Techniques (BATs) With experience exchange (BREFs) and public information (EPER)

4. 4 Air Framework Directive Requires AQ improvement plans – Identify main sources – Implies restriction on development EQS criteria set – Including vulnerable “historic heritage” Emission sources to be mapped

5. 5 Seveso Directive Applies if inventory of dangerous substances is over a threshold Requires – a safety plan – public emergency planning – exclusion zone for development Appropriate risk management conditions are required for non-Seveso Sites under IPPC

6. 6 EIA Directive New or changed IPPC installations require EIA Some non IPPC Developments req EIA Paralell Public Participation Requirements IEA / EIA allow for construction, IPPC allows for operation SEA Directive addresses regional planning

7. 7 VOC Directives Requires a Mass Balance or Solvent Management plan Focus on Fugitive emissions 1994/63/EC (VOC from Petrol) sets out specific requirements for terminals and refineries.

8. 8 Water Framework Directive Integrates requirements of prior directives Requires BAT, ELVs, BEP (Art 10.2) Enforces EQS, classification of zones Adds priority substances (Art 22.5) – given in decision 2455/2001/EC – 44 specified, eg Atrazine, Lindane

9. 9 Waste Incineration Sets out BAT for incinerators Sets out monitoring requirements Requires implementation – no transition period Applies to municipal incinerators and Cements plant involved in co-incineration – Burning tyres, ecofuel, petcoke etc

10. 10 LCP Directive Sets Sox Nox and Particle emission limits Sets reduction targets (member states) Sets Monitoring and Reporting obligations on operators and authorities

11. 11 Public Participation Implements Aarhus convention Amends IPPC – Clarifies “Significant change” – Requires openness & transparency – Requires authorities’ decisions to be justified. Adds an Annex V to IPPC which requires: – Early notification – Complete notification – Taking of comments into account – Timeframes to favour Public Participation

12. 12 Emissions Trading Directive States have national quota of GHG to be traded internally or internationally No emission limits may be set in the IPPC permit for GHGs – Unless necessary to protect environment GHG emission trading linked to renewable option certificates (ROCs)

13. 13 Others Waste Asbestos Nitrates – Vulnerable Zones Habitats and ASIs Reporting Directive

14. 14 Pollution reduction Best Available Techniques: Annex IV of the IPPC Directive use of less hazardous substances, low waste options, recovery, recycling and reuse of substances generated Emphasis on pollution prevention Described in EU Bref notes and national BAT guides

15. 15 Solutions BAT Modelling Management Systems

16. 16 BAT Assessment Required? Process Assessment END >1 BATNo BATOther Than BAT Meets BAT guide? Why?  BAT Options Appraisal or

17. 17 Assessment Process

18. 18 BAT OPTION APPRAISAL BAT Options BAT Selected  Evident ? Scope of Assessment Emissions Inventory Quantify impacts Comparison of Options Cost Assessment

19. 19 Hazard ID & Risk Assessment

20. 20 Node

21. 21 Dispersion Modelling Air – Point Emissions – Accidental Releases – Immissions Water – PC Quasar Groundwater – Phast (beta) Noise – Offsite impacts

22. 22 Management Systems Quality – ISO 9000 Environment – ISO 14000 – EMAS Safety – OHSAS 18000

23. 23 The new order Partnership between Industry and Society – Co-operative approach to permits and environment – More pro-active industry – More public scrutiny – More transparency – Respect for internal and external market